Quanzhou Jincang Embroidery Technique

Fujian
🎧  Listen to Introduction

Quanzhou embroidery was called Citong embroidery in ancient times. Religious embroidery popular in Fujian and Taiwan since the Ming and Qing Dynasties uses a special embroidery technique of Citong embroidery, Jincang embroidery. Jincang embroidery is the same as the "Gold Embroidery" technique in the Tang Dynasty. On the base of grosgrain, various beautiful patterns are embroidered with gold thread. Special needlework includes lychee jumping, pineapple convex, three-fold thread, dragon scales and armor. Because the embroidery thread is wrapped with gold foil and looks like onion, it is called Jincong embroidery in folk, and it is refined to Jincang embroidery. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Citong satin was world-famous, and Citong embroidery gradually became popular, gradually expanding from individual production to commercial production, and at the same time, specialized embroidery shops appeared. In ancient times, Quanzhou City was divided into shops for management. In the east corner of Quanzhou City in the Song Dynasty, there was a "Gun Embroidery Shop", which was said to be the concentration of the embroidery industry. Gun Embroidery is an abbreviation for embroidering court clothes. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the Southern Foreign Zongzhengsi moved to Quanzhou, and the royal relatives concentrated in Quanzhou to live, which led to the prosperity of Quanzhou's embroidery industry. In addition, Quanzhou has been known as "the ancient Buddhist country" since the Song Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, local opera flourished, and there was a great demand for religious embroidery and embroidered costumes and props, which promoted the further development of the embroidery industry. There are eight processes in the production process of Quanzhou Jincang embroidery: drawing; punching; stretching; printing; glitter flat embroidery; glitter convex embroidery; sizing; assembly. The religious embroidery in Fujian and Taiwan that uses Jincang embroidery mainly includes temple embroidery, Taoist embroidery and parade embroidery. In addition, Jincang embroidery techniques are also widely used in costumes and festive embroidered curtains. Quanzhou Jincang embroidery techniques are still widely used in religious embroidery in Fujian and Taiwan. They have a wide influence in Taiwan and Southeast Asia, and are also a historical witness to the origin of Minnan culture and the relationship between the gods on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. Taiwan's religion and folk beliefs originated from the mainland. Since ancient times, most of the local religious embroidery, in addition to local production, has come from Quanzhou. After the 1950s, Quanzhou religious embroidery was almost no longer produced. It was not until 1992 that the Taiwan authorities allowed Taiwanese residents to travel to the mainland. Taiwanese compatriots came to Quanzhou to look for religious embroidery. Quanzhou Jinxiuzhuang established an embroidery workshop, recruited technicians, and trained embroiderers, so that the ancient craft was revived. Now, Taiwan's religious embroidery mainly comes from Quanzhou "Jinxiuzhuang". Tainan also has a "Jinxiuzhuang" that sells Quanzhou religious supplies.

Intangible culture related to the heritage

China tourist attractions related to the heritage