Huanxian Taoist Music

Gansu
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Taoism was founded in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and it had its own temples (palaces, temples, caves, courtyards), professional teachers and sacrificial activities. This kind of fasting and offering ritual activities (rituals) that are exclusively performed in temples must be served by various musical instruments and music, which is now Taoist music. Almost all towns and villages in Huan County have folk Taoists (yin and yang) who perform various fasting and offering rituals, worship ghosts and gods, and pray for forbidden spells, and they also become the inheritors of Taoist music. Donglaoye Mountain in Siheyuan, Huan County is a Taoist temple built in the Yuan Dynasty. Taoist activities are very prosperous and spread to all directions. According to the school, it is divided into five palaces: the Central Palace, the East Palace, the South Palace, the West Palace and the North Palace. There are still activities in the Central Palace and the South Palace. Every year on the third day of the third lunar month, it is the birthday of Wuliang Zushi of Donglaoye Mountain. Various grand ceremonies of thanking the gods and blessing the year are held, and this ceremony is also very common in other temples in the county. Huanxian folk Taoist "fasting and offering rituals" refer to the certain laws and regulations based on which the activities of offering prayers are divided into Qingjiao and Youjiao. Qingjiao includes praying for blessings and thanksgiving, curing diseases and prolonging life, wishing the country to welcome auspiciousness, praying for clear weather and rain, relieving disasters and warding off disasters, celebrating birthdays, etc., which belong to the rituals of Taipingjiao; Youjiao includes summoning the souls of the dead, bathing across the bridge, breaking the prison and breaking the lake, refining and offering food, etc., which belong to the rituals of saving the dead and the dead. In addition to the fasting and offering rituals, there are also salvation, exorcism, reporting to the fight, passing the customs, redemption (breaking the shackles and changing the locks), returning to the spirit, thanking the earth, the stove sutra (the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month), and the year's peace sutra. Chanting scriptures can generally be divided into three forms: chanting, reciting, and speaking. Chanting is singing, with a fixed rhythm and melody, which can be subdivided into Buxu, Zan, and Jie. Buxu is the tune used by Taoist priests to recite poems on the altar. It is said that its melody is like the immortals walking in the void, so it is named "Buxu sound". Buxu music is mostly soothing, melodious, stable and beautiful, suitable for Taoist priests to recite while walking around the altar, through flowers, etc. Buxu Ci is a kind of poetry, which can be five-character or seven-character, eight-sentence, ten-sentence or twenty-two-sentence; praise can be divided into big praise, medium praise, small praise and high praise, and praise is mainly composed of long and short sentences; ga, used to praise doctrine, is generally four-character or five-character poetry. There is percussion accompaniment in the recitation, and percussion interludes between paragraphs. The rhythm of recitation is even, the tone is relatively free, and the ups and downs of the sound are completely adjusted by the Yin-Yang master himself. Bai is Tao Bai, which is similar to daily speech. Taoist music also has certain action performances in singing, which are mostly performed by Yin-Yang masters wearing robes, such as kneeling, burning incense and offering sacrifices. Information source: External Propaganda Office of CPC Huan County Committee Information source: External Propaganda Office of CPC Huan County Committee

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