Miao Flower Drum

Hunan
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The Miao flower drum in Fenghuang originated in the Tang Dynasty and has a history of more than a thousand years. Why is it called a flower drum? Because there is no written record, according to the old flower drum master, when they were young, they learned to play the drum from the previous generation, and all kinds of bright petals were pasted on the drum. When beating the drum, they were not allowed to knock down the petals, which required excellent skills. Maybe this is the origin of the flower drum. The Miao people in Hunan and Guizhou provinces have flower drums, but the Miao flower drum in Fenghuang is unique. It is a slow drum with a majestic and deep drum sound. According to the collection, there are more than 100 routines of the Miao flower drum in Fenghuang. The Miao people in Fenghuang love their flower drum very much, because it is a symbol of the Miao people's clear love and hate: in the 59th year of Emperor Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty, that is, in 1794 AD, the Miao people centered in Fenghuang launched the largest-scale "Qianjia Miao Uprising" in history to resist the corrupt officials of the Manchus and Hans, which shocked the Qing court. On the way to kill the corrupt officials, the Miao people beat the flower drum, causing many brave Miao children to face the yellow sand and bleed on the battlefield; when the old China perished and the new China led by the Communist Party was established, the Miao people beat the flower drum that had been silent for many years and divided the land; the horn of the reform and opening up of the Republic blew into the Miao Mountain, and the Miao people got rid of poverty. Their drum beats became more intensive, welcoming the distant guests who came to the Miao Mountain to help build. The Miao flower drum in Fenghuang is an entertainment activity that combines dance and sports and is beneficial to physical and mental health. Its dance repertoire is extremely rich, and its steps and hand gestures are extremely rigorous. It can be roughly divided into two types: production type and life type. The production type is also called the labor type. It classifies and combines various rough and healthy postures of the hardworking Miao people in production labor into the dance. For example: raking the field, transplanting rice, threshing, and carrying a load; the life type incorporates various beautiful and subtle plots of life into the dance, telling people: this is washing the face, combing the hair, and looking in the mirror. The Miao flower drum in Fenghuang has four drums, which can be beaten by four people. There are two drums, which are beaten by two people. It can be performed in groups or individually. If several big drums are beaten together, the momentum is grand and overwhelming, like the wind blowing through the forest waves and the roaring of the river. In the past few years, several large-scale activities to commemorate the "Qianjia Miao Uprising" were held on the border between Hunan and Guizhou provinces. The Fenghuang Miao Flower Drum appeared in a group lineup and won the favor of experts and scholars from the literary and art circles across the country. The Miao Flower Drum in Fenghuang has also appeared in ethnic programs on central and provincial TV stations many times. The Miao people love and value their own flower drums very much. In addition to entertaining themselves, playing the flower drum has also evolved into a custom, as a fair scale to test the IQ of unmarried sons-in-law. The Miao people are civilized. Since ancient times, marriage has been entirely up to the daughters, and rarely arranged. When a daughter brings her ideal lover into the house for the first time, her parents will place a flower drum in front of the door and encourage everyone in the village to come and watch. This is called "blocking the door drum." If the "son-in-law" can play the flower drum, sing Miao songs, and blow wooden leaves, his parents will be happy and the whole village will like him. If not, his relatives and friends will twist his ears, smear his face with soot, and put him in a chicken coop like a stupid animal, with a basin of water on top. Someone will laugh: What good eyesight! Even now, young men and women in love dare not be lazy. In their spare time, they sing Miao songs and play the flower drum, which has been passed down from generation to generation.

Intangible culture related to the heritage

China tourist attractions related to the heritage