Traditional culture of the Nu nationality in Bingzhongluo Township
Bingzhongluo Township is located at the foot of Gaoligong Mountain, north of Gongshan Dulong and Nu Autonomous County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, with an altitude of 1,430 to 5,128 meters. It has 4 village committees, 32 natural villages, and 46 villagers' groups, including Nu villages such as Qiunatong, Jiasheng, and Bingzhongluo. There are 1,570 farmers and 6,093 people in the township, including 3,031 Nu people, accounting for 50% of the total population of the township (2003). The forest coverage rate on the mountains around the village is more than 90%, and the natural environment is good. It is mainly based on traditional mountain farming, with an average per capita cultivated land area of 2.52 mu and an average annual net income of 807 yuan (2003). Bingzhongluo has beautiful natural scenery, including the First Bay of Nujiang River, Gongdan Sacred Mountain, Gawa Gap Snow Mountain, Shimen Pass, Puhua Temple, and pastoral landscape. The traditional residential forms and village settlement patterns basically maintain the traditional style. Wooden houses, earthen wall houses, and stilt houses account for more than 99.7%, all of which have unique slate roofs and slate covers. The process of selecting sites, materials, building houses, and moving into houses all preserves complete sacrificial rituals. Bingzhongluo has a long history and profound cultural heritage. The most prominent feature is the coexistence and harmony of natural beliefs, Buddhism, Catholicism, Christianity and other religions here. Puhua Temple is the central temple of Buddhism in the township. It was built in 1766 and rebuilt in 1933. Buddhist families have incense burners for family sacrificial activities. Many large Nu villages have churches, among which Chongding Catholic Church is the oldest, built in 1896 and rebuilt in 1997. There are religious festivals such as Christmas, Thanksgiving, and Easter. In natural beliefs, the rock god "Jimida" is the most important god of worship, combining the functions of mountain gods, hunting gods, valley gods, fertility gods, marriage gods, and protection gods. There are sacrificial activities such as worshipping the immortal cave and receiving "holy water". The clothing of Nu women is simple and elegant, beautiful and concise: they wear colorful long-sleeved underwear on the upper body, sleeveless waistcoat on the outside, bright long cloth waistband around the waist, and white or black pants on the bottom. They like to wear silver jewelry, silver bracelets, earrings, etc. They retain traditional textile skills, mainly weaving Nu blankets "Yongduo", which are used to sew blankets, tube skirts, bed sheets, tops, waistbands, hanging bags, etc. Almost every family has a loom, and adult women can weave. The Nu Guozhuang dance, folk songs, and music forms are well preserved. The Nu people have no written language, and folk literature is passed down orally. The main myths include "The Origin of Heaven and Earth", "The Origin of Thunder", "The Third Sister and the Snake Man", "Why the Nu People Have No Writing", etc., which tell the history of the origin of the Nu people. Among the folk stories, there are "The Adventures of the Orphan", "The Hunter's Wife", "Brothers Reconciliation", etc., which tell about ethics and morality; there are love stories such as "The Clever Ninth Sister" and "The Flower Fish Girl"; there are animal stories such as "The Rabbit Eliminates the Tiger" and "The Hunter and the Tiger". The Nu people love singing and dancing. Folk songs include narrative songs such as "Genesis", folk songs, labor songs, children's songs, baby-soothing tunes (i.e., lullabies), mourning songs, and sacrificial songs. Among them, folk songs are relatively rich, with a wide range of content and themes. In addition to love songs expressing love between young men and women, they are also often used to express a variety of personal emotions. Dances mainly include cockfighting dances that simulate animal forms, peacock dances, crow drinking water dances, butterfly dances, and crow chasing dances, as well as wall-pounding dances, harvest dances, and millet-rubbing dances that reflect production and life. Singing and dancing are necessary during festivals, weddings, funerals, and house building. The melodies are soothing and elegant, and the dances are beautiful and simple. The main accompanying instruments are leather drums, bamboo flutes, and strings. Traditional sports activities include crossbow shooting, climbing bamboo poles, chopping wood, rubbing hemp, climbing ropes, fighting corners, jumping bamboo, swinging, and wrestling. The traditional festivals of the Nu people include the Spring Festival and the Fairy Festival. During the Spring Festival, every household brews wine, cuts firewood, pound cakes, slaughters pigs and cleans the courtyard in advance. On New Year's Eve, people have to offer sacrifices to the iron tripod in the fire pit before they can eat. When the rooster crows for the first time in the early morning of the first day of the New Year, people rush to get "ancestor water" for good luck. No one is allowed to visit each other from the first to the third day of the New Year, and it is forbidden to drink soup with meals. During the Spring Festival, young people in various villages hold crossbow shooting, wrestling, and swinging competitions, while the elderly gather together to drink and sing ancient songs. The "Fairy Festival" is also called the "Mountain Mother Festival" or the "Flower Festival". It is celebrated on the 15th day of the third lunar month every year. During the festival, people go to the cave to hold sacrificial activities and drink the fairy's "milk", that is, the holy water dripping from stalactites. (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.) (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)