The predecessor of Pingju Opera is Jidong Lianhualuo, which originated from the Tang Dynasty Buddhist song "Lotus" and was named "Scattered Flowers". It is a song sung during Buddhist fundraising or preaching. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (around 1875), Jidong Lianhualuo was popular near Tangshan. It was "banned" twice in the 27th year of Emperor Guangxu (1901) and the 34th year of Emperor Guangxu (1908). Lianhualuo artists lost their right to survive. Lianhualuo artists in Luannan County, led by Cheng Zhaocai and Ren Shanqing, rose from the difficulties and absorbed the performance forms of other operas. They adapted the original "monologue", "dialogue" and "separation" of Lianhualuo into a large drama with separate scenes, enriched the accompaniment of the civil and military scenes, and became famous for "Pingqiang Bangzi". It made its debut on April 22, 1909 (the third day of the third lunar month) at the newly opened Tangshan Yongsheng Tea Garden and was welcomed by the audience, mainly Kailuan miners. The Qingchun Pingqiang Bangzi Troupe led by Cheng Zhaocai has been stationed in Yongsheng Tea Garden for several years since then. The opera adapted by Cheng Zhaocai The scripts "Opening a Shop", "Flowers as Matchmakers", "Possessing the Courtesan", etc., after their continuous reform, improvement, enrichment and development, Pingqiang Bangzi has become a new type of opera, which is called the early stage of Pingju by later generations. Tangshan became the birthplace of Pingju, Yongsheng Tea Garden became the cradle of Pingju, and Cheng Zhaocai and others became the founders of Pingju. In 1915, Cheng Zhaocai led the troupe to perform in Tianjin for the third time in a brand-new opera form. In 1918, Wang Fengting, the owner of Yongsheng Tea Garden, negotiated with Cheng Zhaocai to invest in the new opera box and became the owner of the troupe, changing the name to "Yongshenghe" troupe, and went out of Shanhaiguan to perform in the three northeastern provinces. From then on, Cheng Zhaocai became a full-time screenwriter. In 1919, based on the incident of Gao Zhanying, a landlord's son, murdering his wife Yang Erjie in Gouji Village in his hometown, he immediately wrote "Shooting Gao Zhanying", which premiered in Changchun and was later renamed "Yang Sanjie". "Complaint" has become a classic of modern Pingju opera. In his lifetime (1874-1929), he created, adapted and transplanted 121 Pingju scripts, which were published by Huashan Literature and Art Publishing House in 1994 and became a valuable asset of Pingju opera. As a result, Cheng Zhaocai, who was born and raised in Luannan, was praised by the masses as the "Sage of Drama" and the "Founder of Pingju Opera". The early singing style of Pingju opera, based on the Jidong Lianhualuo, absorbed Tangshan folk songs, Tangshan shadow puppets, Leting drums, as well as Beijing bang singing and banshi, and created its own basic tunes, as well as small sad tunes, big sad tunes, and ancient three coughs, and formed a relatively complete board cavity, such as slow board, two-six board, and stack board. The accompaniment band Wenchang uses banhu as the main instrument (main string), accompanied by sanxian, bamboo flute, suona, etc. The martial arts stage basically adopted the bangzi martial arts stage. According to the characteristics of Pingju opera singing, The high-pitched bangzi was changed to the middle-pitched bangzi, and the gongs and drums were used by us, and gradually enriched. Pingju performance art is based on the performance program of Chinese opera, such as "five skills and four methods" and "singing, reciting, acting and fighting". It is closer to the lives of the people, and the recitation is commonly known as "old tie talk" with a strong Tangshan local characteristic. As Pingju went from Tangshan to the whole country, not only did it form a variety of artistic schools, but also various theaters, especially the three major Pingju theaters of "China", "Tianjin" and "Shenyang" were established in New China. Their repertoires, singing styles and performances have made great progress and formed their own characteristics. In mutual learning and exchanges, whether in the creation of repertoires, themes, genres or the improvement and innovation of singing music, each theater has its own focus, so that Pingju has stronger expressiveness and greater influence, which is the inevitable development of the times. As the birthplace of Pingju, Tangshan also has its own contributions. The female Xiaosheng Hong (Ying) school of art has emerged since 1954, and can fly with the female line. It not only started early but also achieved great success. Initiated by Tangshan in 2000, approved by the Ministry of Culture, hosted by the Department of Culture of the Ministry of Culture, Hebei Provincial Department of Culture, and Tangshan Municipal People's Government, and undertaken by Tangshan City, the China Pingju Art Festival has been held continuously in Tangshan, making new contributions to the display of artistic achievements of Pingju troupes across the country, the cultivation of Pingju talents, and the prosperity of the Pingju industry.