Datong drumming and yangko dance

Shanxi
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Datong Kick-drum Yangko is also called Datong Yangko, which is popular in Duzhuang, Jijiazhuang, Fengyu, Mayukou and other places in Datong County. The Daoguang edition of Datong County Chronicles and Customs of the Qing Dynasty states: "Shangyuan, commonly known as the Lantern Festival, many people in the countryside dress up as lantern officials, sing rice-planting songs, and come to the city to compete with each other." The so-called "Rice-planting Song" is probably the current "Yangko", which is a form of song and dance that is performed while singing or singing in the middle of dancing. Datong Yangko is mainly dance-based and consists of 17 people: one "Yangko head", four "kick-drum", four "stick", one "Feng Gong", "Big Foot Po", "Luomao", and "Reading Master". Sometimes there is no Yangko head, and it is performed by 16 people. The main forms of Yangko performance include "big field", "crossing the street field" and "playing against each other". Big field is a square performance, where the band is placed in a corner of the field. The Yangko team takes "east, south, west, and north" as the positive, and performs in the direction of "corner positive corner" or "corner positive corner positive". During the performance, the teams form patterns such as "Heaven and Earth Sign", "Big Cross", "Ximen Dou", etc. At the end of the performance, the teams form characters such as "Peace in the World" and "Civilized Village". They form a character, sing a paragraph, and then dance after singing. Crossing the street means walking and dancing on the street. The band is in front, and the yangko team is arranged in two vertical rows. The yangko leader is in front of the independent team, dancing and directing, Feng Gong and Da Jiao Po are in the lead, and the first drummer, the first flower boy and other roles are arranged in sequence. Each role performs with his own personality movements, mainly yangko, and the formation is generally "garlic cloves". Duishu is a party activity between two or several villages' yangko teams, which is a more grand performance form in yangko. The two teams of actors perform and compete, each showing their abilities, and the scene is spectacular and feasting the eyes. Kick-drum yangko is accompanied by percussion instruments (gongs, drums, cymbals). There are four types of drum beats: [luangu], [qigu], [marching drum], and [qiegu]. When marching, the accompaniment is in front of the yangko team, with the drum in the middle, the small cymbals and large cymbals on its left and right, and the small gong and large gong behind it on its left and right. When performing on the set, they stand in a corner of the venue according to the above basic formation. Datong drum-kicking yangko has a long history, with singing and dancing, and is performed in folk festivals. It reflects the ancient people's beautiful yearning for life and their self-entertaining lifestyle, as well as their aesthetic taste and cultural connotation. It has high historical, cultural and artistic value. Information source: General Office of Shanxi Provincial Government Information source: General Office of Shanxi Provincial Government

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