Le'an reed weaving craft

Shandong
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Le'an reed weaving in Dongying City has a long history and is an important production base for Shandong reed weaving handicrafts. It fully demonstrates the beautiful natural scenery and rich cultural history of the Yellow River Delta region. It is a folk art formed by the working people in long-term social practice, with a strong local flavor, and is the crystallization of the wisdom of generations of working people. The mastery and use of reeds and weaving tools with skilled techniques is an important way to understand and utilize natural resources. It reflects the simple, honest, sincere, hardworking and studious character of the Dongying people. According to data, Dongying, located on the coast of the Bohai Sea, has 500,000 acres of natural reed grassland and an annual output of more than 100 million kilograms of high-quality reeds. Due to the natural characteristics of reeds, such as toughness, softness, and moisture resistance. Reed weaving products are natural, environmentally friendly, strong, durable, and beautiful. As early as the Houli culture period of the Neolithic Age more than 5,000 years ago, the ancestors in Guangrao area in the south of Dongying opened up their borders and established a country here, and multiplied and thrived. "Er Ya" records: "Wood is called a door. Reed is called a fan." According to the records of Zhouli, the emperor had eight fans, the princes had six fans, the officials had four fans, and the scholars had two fans. More than 3,000 years ago, the ceremonial fans that represented the status of power were woven from reeds. Until the 1980s, people used reeds to weave production and living utensils that involved all aspects of life. Reed hats to protect against rain, kang mats for kangs. Needle and thread foil baskets, comb racks for toiletries. Baskets for holding sundries. Powder baskets hanging on the wall. Salt baskets and chopstick cages for salt. Ingot baskets and baskets. Fish baskets, crab cages, fishing nets, and reed lanterns for festivals. Reed weaving is an important carrier of Dongying folk culture. After more than 3,000 years of oral and practical teaching, it has gradually become closely connected with folk life. In the local area, reeds are divided into two types. Those that cannot be used for weaving are commonly known as wild thatches; those that are beaten into foil to cover houses. One type is called domestic reeds, which can be used for reed weaving. Processed reeds are also divided into raw reeds and cooked reeds according to the different products to be woven. The reeds processed with a threader can be directly woven into baskets, ingot baskets, lanterns, etc., which are called raw reeds. The reeds that are soaked and crushed with a roller are called cooked reeds, which are used to weave reed mats, etc. In Dongying area, women are generally engaged in weaving cooked reeds, while men are engaged in weaving raw reeds. According to the genealogical records of the Xu family in Zihedian Village and the stories of the older generation, the sixteenth generation Xu Xiahui married Liu from Sanshui Village. Liu was a leader in Le'an reed weaving. At that time, reed weaving products were mainly used by their own families. In order to make reed weaving products more durable and hygienic, Liu invented the method of using salt water to steam and then weave reeds. Since then, through the first generation of Xu Xiahui, the second generation of Xu Changqing Zhang, the third generation of Xu Lanfang Zheng, the third generation of Xu Huaren Gao, and the fifth generation of Xu Bingnan Sun, the Le'an reed weaving skills have been passed down from generation to generation in the Xu family. In the 20th century, the sixth-generation inheritor Xu Shunchen (1908-1994) went to Guandong with his reed weaving skills at the age of 15 and married a wife named Han in the Northeast. Later, he returned to his hometown due to the Japanese invasion. After the Japanese invasion of Guangrao, in order to avoid the Japanese arrest of craftsmen, Xu Shunchen stopped weaving for the public and only passed on the craft to his daughter Xu Junfeng (1937-2005) who married to Zaoli Village, Daozhuang Town. Xu Junfeng worked in the production team during the day and wove reed weaving products at night to supplement the family income. Before the 1980s, reed weaving was the main source of income for the family. Reed weaving products cover all aspects of life. The eighth-generation inheritor Li Guangxiang followed his mother Xu Junfeng to learn reed weaving since he was a child. At the age of 18, he went to work in a hotel in Dongying. The hotel's exquisite plate decorations, food carvings, and dough sculptures made Li Guangxiang realize the importance of handicrafts. After learning how to make reed paintings in Hebei, Li Guangxiang founded a company in 2012 to inherit and protect the Le'an reed weaving technique. Today's Le'an reed weaving technique uses skilled and specialized techniques, mastery and application of reed raw materials and weaving tools, and fully passes on the expression of the ancestors' understanding and use of natural resources, reflecting the simplicity, sincerity, diligence, and studious qualities of the working people. Because it is closely related to the production and living methods of the ancestors, it has important historical, cultural, and social values for preserving rural memories and traditional production and living patterns, and has a high value for folklore research. Compared with general traditional skills, the subjectivity of reed weaving is more prominent. It is an organic combination of folk practical technology and folk arts and crafts, and also an organic combination of practicality and aesthetics. The profound perception, understanding, and modeling ability of life shown by reed weaving have certain academic research value. The combination of reed mats and earthen beds has an auxiliary therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis, and has certain scientific research value for the comprehensive utilization of reeds. The project was selected into the list of Dongying City's intangible cultural heritage in 2015. The wetland reeds are covered with snow, and the natural resources and human wisdom collide. Le'an reed weaving still retains the production technology of traditional utensils in Dongying District, leaving beautiful rural memories for the people of Dongying District. At the same time, it gradually transforms into a production of arts and crafts creation, using traditional techniques to innovate reed weaving and reed painting themes, so that the people of Dongying District today can enjoy more beauty from it.

Intangible culture related to the heritage

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