Fengxian folk songs are a microcosm of Fengxian folk music. They occupy a primary position in the folk music of the Han nationality in Fengxian County, Shaanxi Province, and even in the Han nationality culture of Fengxian County. They are precious intangible cultural heritage of Shaanxi Province. Fengxian was formerly known as Fengzhou. According to historical records, "During the rise of Zhou Dynasty, phoenixes sang in Qi, soared to the south and gathered, so Xiqi was called Fengxiang and Nanqi was called Fengzhou." There is Nanqi Mountain in the south of Fengzhou City and Fenghuang Mountain in the east of the city. According to legend, a phoenix lived on it, and Fengzhou got its name from this. Fengxian is located in the hinterland of Qinling Mountains. According to "Taiping Huanshou Ji", Fengxian "is connected to Fanrong in the north and Qin and Han in the east". "Dasan blocks its east, Wuxiu blocks its west, Baoxiang blocks its south, and Qinling limits its north. The cliffs are high and steep, and it is a key place for Shumen." Fengxian is located in Sichuan and Shaanxi. It is a major transportation route between Shaanxi and Gansu, and it is also a place that military strategists have often fought for in the past dynasties. There are famous ancient plank roads such as Baoxiang, Chencang, and Lianyun in Fengxian. The Yellow River culture and the Bashu culture blend, penetrate and spread here. Poets of all dynasties, such as Du Fu, Wang Wei, Lu You and Yang Shen, have written famous poems on the ancient plank road in Feng County. The Records states that in the first year of Emperor Kezong of Song (1078), an imperial decree was issued to take a hundred pearls to the palace. The then governor Fu Ziping wrote a poem titled "Three Wonders of Willow, Hands and Wine" in praise of it: "Pearls are not red like small peaches, but like tender catkins peeling green onions. Only thousands of green silk belts dance in the spring breeze year after year." There is a Father and Son Valley (Monkey Stone) outside the ancient Fengzhou City. It is said that when Emperor Minghuang of Tang fled south, a stone monkey father and son toasted and the emperor gave gold and silk, which gave it the name "Pingmu". The place name "Pingmu" was named after Sima Yi's fake tomb of Zhuge Liang. Fengxian folk songs (people usually call them mountain songs) originated in the Western Zhou Dynasty. There is a beautiful and moving myth about the origin of Fengxian folk songs: It is said that in the Western Zhou Dynasty, there was a beautiful phoenix and a stone bird living freely here. One summer, in order to save a young couple who were forced to go up the mountain by slave owners, the phoenix brought a drop of fairy water from the distant East China Sea and flew for 49 days. The phoenix did not eat a bite of food or drink a mouthful of water. The young couple was saved, but the beautiful phoenix closed its eyes tightly. The young couple shed tears and sang around the corpse of the phoenix for 49 days. The songs and tears merged into a river. The beautiful phoenix finally flapped its wings and came back to life. From then on, people sang this beautiful ballad from the depths of the mountains, accompanying the mountain people year after year, and it has been passed down from generation to generation. There are many kinds of folk songs in Feng County, and there are four main categories of them: the first is "Xiajiang Tune", which has the flavor of Bashu and is mainly circulated in Sancha, Nanxing, Wenjiang Temple and other towns in Feng County (with a strong Huguang flavor); the second is the "Hua'er" tune with obvious characteristics, which is mainly circulated in Zhangjiajiao Village and Tangzang Town in Feng County; the third is "Shangjiang Tune" with Xiqin tune, which is mainly circulated in Pingmu, Yanwan, Hekou and other towns in Feng County; the fourth is the folk song with local "indigenous" characteristics, the "indigenous" tune of the call, which is mainly circulated in Pingkan Town and Fengzhou Town. Among these four categories of Feng County folk songs, the "indigenous" tune has the strongest local characteristics. Its performance form is without any instrumental accompaniment. It can be sung by one person, duet and group, and is not bound by any conditions. It can be sung whenever you want in the fields, cutting firewood and grazing, and during the slack season and busy season. "Xiajiang Tune" and "Hua'er Tune" can be sung at any time without instrumental accompaniment. The "Shangjiang Tune" is sometimes also called a song, with musical instrument accompaniment, and the tunes are varied. For example: "The water in the small river is flooding the big river, and the pole is placed in the small river. Don't look at my small pole, the small pole supports the big boat", "I have been planting good rapeseed for three years on the high mountain, and I think of you when I pick up the rice bowl. My hands are shaking and I can't hold the chopsticks." And so on, the beautiful folk songs with distinct images have obvious regional characteristics, and at the same time, they have been widely sung by the people in the mountainous areas of Fengxian for a long time and are deeply loved by the masses. For a long time, the people of Fengxian have formed an indissoluble bond with folk songs. Whether it is production labor, weddings and funerals, or festivals, they can't do without singing folk songs. Especially when walking in the mountains, grazing on the slopes, chopping wood in the forest, working in the fields, and after tea and meals, folk songs are indispensable. Labor songs give people the power of strength; elegant mountain tunes give people a relaxed and pleasant enjoyment. In folk songs, people forget all fatigue and troubles. Fengxian folk songs express the love and hate, suffering and joy of the working people, and carry the people's good wishes. They are an important way for mountain people to live, express love and engage in cultural entertainment.