Majiang Liquidambar printing and dyeing technique
Liquidambar printing and dyeing is a unique folk handicraft. The process is to add an appropriate amount of butter to the old liquidambar resin, simmer it over a slow fire and filter it to form liquidambar oil, then use a brush to dip in the instantly dissolved liquidambar oil, draw patterns on the self-woven white cloth, and then use indigo to dye, remove the grease with boiling water, rinse with clean water, dry it in the sun, and roll it flat. Liquidambar printing and dyeing in Guizhou Province is mainly concentrated in Majiang County and Huishui County, Guizhou Province. The liquidambar printing and dyeing skills of the Yao ethnic group in Majiang County are mainly spread in 18 natural villages, mainly Heba Village, Longshan Township, Majiang County, and also in some villages in the neighboring Ganqiao and Yangtang Villages. Many local chronicles of the Qing Dynasty have records of this. In the liquidambar printing and dyeing of the Yao ethnic group in Majiang County, the skills and materials are self-contained and very particular. The materials used are all taken from natural liquidambar tree oil and butter. The prepared oil is used to draw patterns on the cloth. It has strong penetration, soft texture after air drying, clear patterns, and strong color contrast. The products are mainly used for clothing, straps, quilts, etc. The Yao people have a language but no written language. The maple printing and dyeing skills are all passed down orally. The patterns of printing and dyeing carry the historical changes, living conditions, folk customs and other cultural information of the Yao people, and have precious research value in national history, folklore and aesthetics. The maple printing and dyeing skills of Huishui County are spread in the southeast of Huishui County. The inheritors are mainly the Buyi people. It has a history of more than 150 years. The finished printing and dyeing products are mainly used to cut bed sheets, quilt covers, tent edges, clothing, etc. The maple printing and dyeing patterns in Huishui County are fresh and bright, the pictures are fine, the patterns are auspicious, and the style is unique. Its blue, blue and white patterns contain deep national cultural connotations. However, the production of maple printing and dyeing skills is labor-intensive and time-consuming. At the same time, most young people now advocate fashion and do not like traditional printing and dyeing products, which has led to a sharp decline in maple printing and dyeing. At present, only 10 people in Heba Village, Longshan Township, Majiang County have mastered the maple printing and dyeing skills, and there are only 2 dyers who actually operate. There is a lack of successors to the maple printing and dyeing skills, and protection work is imminent. Information source: Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage Center (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.) Information source: Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage Center (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)