Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Western Ghats' has mentioned 'Western Ghats' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| Western GhatsPaschim GhatsThe peak of Anamudi in Kerala is the highest peak in the Western Ghats, as well as the highest peak in India outside the HimalayasHighestxc2xa0pointPeakAnamudi, Eravikulam National ParkElevation2,695xc2xa0m (8,842xc2xa0ft)Coordinates10xc2xb010xe2x80xb2N 77xc2xb004xe2x80xb2Exefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf10.167xc2xb0N 77.067xc2xb0Exefxbbxbf / 10.167; 77.067Coordinates: 10xc2xb010xe2x80xb2N 77xc2xb004xe2x80xb2Exefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf10.167xc2xb0N 77.067xc2xb0Exefxbbxbf / 10.167; 77.067xe2x80xafDimensionsLength1,600xc2xa0km (990xc2xa0mi) Nxe2x80x93SWidth100xc2xa0km (62xc2xa0mi) Exe2x80x93WArea160,000xc2xa0km2 (62,000xc2xa0sqxc2xa0mi)GeographyThe Western Ghats lie roughly parallel to the west coast of India. | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats, also known as Sahyadri, is a mountain range that covers an area of 160,000xc2xa0km2 (62,000xc2xa0sqxc2xa0mi) in a stretch of 1,600xc2xa0km (990xc2xa0mi) parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula, traversing the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra, and Gujarat. | WIKI |
| [5] According to UNESCO, the Western Ghats are older than the Himalayas. | WIKI |
| A total of thirty-nine areas in the Western Ghats, including national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and reserve forests, were designated as world heritage sites in 2012 xe2x80x93 twenty in Kerala, ten in Karnataka, six in Tamil Nadu and four in Maharashtra. | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats block southwest monsoon winds from reaching the Deccan Plateau. | WIKI |
| It is likely that many undiscovered species live in the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| At least 325 globally threatened species occur in the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| Ghat, a term used in the Indian subcontinent, depending on the context could either refer to a range of stepped-hill such as the Eastern Ghats and Western Ghats; or the series of steps leading down to a body of water or wharf, such bathing or cremation place along the banks of a river or pond, Ghats in Varanasi, Dhoby Ghaut or Aapravasi Ghat. | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats are the mountainous faulted and eroded edge of the Deccan Plateau. | WIKI |
| Topography: Western Ghats (southern part) | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats extend from the Satpura Range in the north, stretching from Gujarat to Tamil Nadu. | WIKI |
| The northern portion of the narrow coastal plain between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea is known as the Konkan, the central portion is called Kanara and the southern portion is called Malabar. | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats meet the Eastern Ghats at the Nilgiri mountains in northwestern Tamil Nadu. | WIKI |
| In the southern part of the range is Anamudi (2,695 metres (8,842xc2xa0ft)), the highest peak in the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| Ooty is called the Queen of the Western ghats. | WIKI |
| Main article: List of peaks in the Western Ghats | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats have many peaks that rise above 2,000xc2xa0m (6,600xc2xa0ft), with Anamudi (2,695xc2xa0m (8,842xc2xa0ft)) being the highest peak. | WIKI |
| A panoramic view of Western Ghats mountain ranges from Mangalam Dam Reservoir, Kerala | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats form one of the four watersheds of India, feeding the perennial rivers of India. | WIKI |
| The major river systems originating in the Western Ghats are the Godavari, Kaveri, Krishna, Thamiraparani and Tungabhadra rivers. | WIKI |
| The majority of streams draining the Western Ghats join these rivers, and carry a large volume of water during the monsoon months. | WIKI |
| The Periyar, Bharathappuzha, Pamba, Netravati, Sharavathi, Kali, Mandovi and Zuari rivers flow westwards towards the Western Ghats, draining into the Arabian Sea, and are fast-moving, owing to the steeper gradient. | WIKI |
| [19] There are about 50 major dams along the length of the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats have several man-made lakes and reservoirs with major lakes at Ooty (34 hectares (84 acres)) in Nilgiris, Kodaikanal (26 hectares (64 acres)) and Berijam in Palani Hills, Pookode lake, Karlad Lake in Wayanad, Vagamon lake, Devikulam (6 hectares (15 acres)) and Letchmi (2 hectares (4.9 acres)) in Idukki, Kerala. | WIKI |
| Munnar hillstation on Western Ghats is often called The Kashmir of South India | WIKI |
| Kollur in Udupi district, Kokkali and Nilkund in Sirsi, Samse in Mudigere of Karnataka, and Neriamangalam in the Ernakulam district of Kerala are the wettest places in the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| However, Maharashtra and the northern part of Western Ghats in Karnataka on average receive heavier rainfall than Kerala and the southern part of Western Ghats in Karnataka. | WIKI |
| The climate in the Western Ghats varies with altitudinal gradation and distance from the equator. | WIKI |
| It has also been observed that the coldest periods in the South Western Ghats coincide with the wettest. | WIKI |
| During the monsoon season between June and September, the unbroken Western Ghats chain acts as a barrier to the moisture-laden clouds. | WIKI |
| The eastern regions of the Western Ghats, which lie in the rain shadow, receive far less rainfall (about 100 centimetres (39xc2xa0in)), resulting in an average rainfall of 250 centimetres (98xc2xa0in) across all regions. | WIKI |
| Meanwhile, the Ghats in Karnataka have fewer passes and gaps and therefore the western slopes of Karnataka receive heavy rainfall, over 400xc2xa0cm more than other regional parts of the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| Some of the wettest places in the Western Ghats are: | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats are home to four tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregions xe2x80x93 the North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests, North Western Ghats montane rain forests, South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests, and South Western Ghats montane rain forests. | WIKI |
| The northern portion of the range is generally drier than the southern portion, and at lower elevations makes up the North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests ecoregion, with mostly deciduous forests made up predominantly of teak. | WIKI |
| Above 1,000 meters elevation are the cooler and wetter North Western Ghats montane rain forests, whose evergreen forests are characterised by trees of the family Lauraceae. | WIKI |
| The evergreen forests in Wayanad mark the transition zone between the northern and southern ecoregions of the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| At lower elevations are the South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests, with Cullenia the characteristic tree genus, accompanied by teak, dipterocarps, and other trees. | WIKI |
| Above 1,000 meters are the South Western Ghats montane rain forests, also cooler and wetter than the surrounding lowland forests, and dominated by evergreen trees, although some montane grasslands and stunted forests can be found at the highest elevations. | WIKI |
| The South Western Ghats montane rain forests are the most species-rich ecoregion in peninsular India; eighty percent of the flowering plant species of the entire Western Ghats range are found in this ecoregion. | WIKI |
| Dense rainforests cover the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats are a UNESCO heritage site. | WIKI |
| Historically the Western Ghats were covered in dense forests that provided wild foods and natural habitats for native tribal people. | WIKI |
| The forest in the Western Ghats has been severely fragmented due to human activities, especially clear-felling for tea, coffee, and teak plantations[25] from 1860 to 1950. | WIKI |
| The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, comprising 5,500 square kilometres (2,100xc2xa0sqxc2xa0mi) of the evergreen forests of Nagarahole and deciduous forests of Bandipur in Karnataka, adjoining regions of Wayanad-Mukurthi in Kerala and Mudumalai National Park-Sathyamangalam in Tamil Nadu, forms the largest contiguous protected area in the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| In August 2011, the Western Ghats Ecology Expert Panel (WGEEP) designated the entire Western Ghats as an Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) and assigned three levels of Ecological Sensitivity to its different regions. | WIKI |
| [30] The panel, headed by ecologist Madhav Gadgil, was appointed by the Union Ministry of Environment and Forests to assess the biodiversity and environmental issues of the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| [31] The Gadgil Committee and its successor, the Kasturirangan Committee, recommended suggestions to protect the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| In 2006, India applied to the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) for the Western Ghats to be listed as a protected World Heritage Site. | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats are home to thousands of animal species including at least 325 globally threatened species. | WIKI |
| The largest population of tigers is in the Western Ghats, where there are seven populations with an estimated population size of 1200 individuals occupying 21,435xc2xa0km2 (8,276xc2xa0sqxc2xa0mi) of forest in three major landscape units spread across Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. | WIKI |
| [42] The Western Ghats ecoregion has the largest Indian elephant population in the wild with an estimated 11,000 individuals across eight distinct populations. | WIKI |
| [46] About 3500 lion-tailed macaques live scattered over several areas in the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats have the largest tiger population in the world. | WIKI |
| The endangered lion-tailed macaque is endemic to the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats region has the largest Indian elephant population in India. | WIKI |
| The amphibians of the Western Ghats are diverse and unique, with more than 80% of the 179 amphibian species being endemic to the rainforests of the mountains. | WIKI |
| New frog species were described from the Western Ghats in 2005, and more recently a new species, monotypic of its genus Mysticellus, was discovered. | WIKI |
| There are many species of amphibians which are yet to be discovered at every elevation of the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| The Malabar gliding frog is endemic to the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| As of 2004[update], 288 freshwater fish species were listed for the Western Ghats, including 35 also known from brackish or marine water. | WIKI |
| [55][56] There are 118 endemic species, including 13 genera entirely restricted to the Western Ghats (Betadevario, Dayella, Haludaria, Horabagrus, Horalabiosa, Hypselobarbus, Indoreonectes, Lepidopygopsis, Longischistura, Mesonoemacheilus, Parapsilorhynchus, Rohtee and Travancoria). | WIKI |
| There is a higher fish richness in the southern part of the Western Ghats than in the northern,[57] and the highest is in the Chalakudy River, which alone holds 98 species. | WIKI |
| According to the IUCN, 97 freshwater fish species from the Western Ghats were considered threatened in 2011, including 12 critically endangered, 54 endangered and 31 vulnerable. | WIKI |
| [57] All but one (Tor khudree) of these are endemic to the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| Most of Karnataka's five hundred species of birds are from the Western Ghats region. | WIKI |
| [65][66] There are at least 16 species of birds endemic to the Western Ghats including the endangered rufous-breasted laughingthrush, the vulnerable Nilgiri wood-pigeon, white-bellied shortwing and broad-tailed grassbird, the near threatened grey-breasted laughingthrush, black-and-rufous flycatcher, Nilgiri flycatcher, and Nilgiri pipit, and the least concern Malabar (blue-winged) parakeet, Malabar grey hornbill, white-bellied treepie, grey-headed bulbul, rufous babbler, Wayanad laughingthrush, white-bellied blue-flycatcher and the crimson-backed sunbird. | WIKI |
| [68] Of 334 Western Ghats butterfly species, 316 species have been reported from the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. | WIKI |
| [69] The Western Ghats are home to 174 species of odonates (107 dragonflies and 67 damselflies), including 69 endemics. | WIKI |
| [57] There are several species of leeches found all along the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| The Malabar tree nymph is endemic to the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats have 67 species of damselflies. | WIKI |
| The endemic land snail Indrella ampulla Phallus indusiatus found in the Western Ghats | WIKI |
| Seasonal rainfall patterns of the Western Ghats necessitate a period of dormancy for its land snails, resulting in their high abundance and diversity including at least 258 species of gastropods from 57 genera and 24 families. | WIKI |
| [71] A total of 77 species of freshwater molluscs (52 gastropods and 25 bivalves) have been recorded from the Western Ghats, but the actual number is likely higher. | WIKI |
| Of the 7,402 species of flowering plants occurring in the Western Ghats, 5,588 species are native or indigenous and 376 are exotics naturalised; 1,438 species are cultivated or planted as ornamentals. | WIKI |
| Among the indigenous species, 2,253 species are endemic to India and of them, 1,273 species are exclusively confined to the Western Ghats. | WIKI |
| The Western Ghats are internationally recognized as a region of immense global importance for the conservation of biological diversity, besides containing areas of high geological, cultural and aesthetic values. | UNESCO |
| Older than the great Himalayan mountain chain, the Western Ghats of India are a geomorphic feature of immense global importance. | UNESCO |
| The Outstanding Universal Value of the Western Ghats is manifested in the regionxe2x80x99s unique and fascinating influence on large-scale biophysical and ecological processes over the entire Indian peninsula. | UNESCO |
| The mountains of the Western Ghats and their characteristic montane forest ecosystems influence the Indian monsoon weather patterns that mediate the warm tropical climate of the region, presenting one of the best examples of the tropical monsoon system on the planet. | UNESCO |
| A significant characteristic of the Western Ghats is the exceptionally high level of biological diversity and endemism. | UNESCO |
| The forests of the Western Ghats include some of the best representatives of non equatorial tropical evergreen forests in the world. | UNESCO |
| At least 325 globally threatened (IUCN Red Data List) species occur in the Western Ghats. | UNESCO |
| The globally threatened flora and fauna in the Western Ghats are represented by 229 plant species, 31 mammal species, 15 bird species, 43 amphibian species, 5 reptile species and 1 fish species. | UNESCO |
| Of the total 325 globally threatened species in the Western Ghats, 129 are classified as Vulnerable, 145 as Endangered and 51 as Critically Endangered. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (ix): The Western Ghats region demonstrates speciation related to the breakup of the ancient landmass of Gondwanaland in the early Jurassic period; secondly to the formation of India into an isolated landmass and the thirdly to the Indian landmass being pushed together with Eurasia. | UNESCO |
| The Western Ghats is an xe2x80x9cEvolutionary Ecotonexe2x80x9d illustrating xe2x80x9cOut of Africaxe2x80x9d and xe2x80x9cOut of Asiaxe2x80x9d hypotheses on species dispersal and vicariance. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (x): The Western Ghats contain exceptional levels of plant and animal diversity and endemicity for a continental area. | UNESCO |
| In particular, the level of endemicity for some of the 4-5,000 plant species recorded in the Ghats is very high: of the nearly 650 tree species found in the Western Ghats, 352 (54%) are endemic. | UNESCO |
| The justification for developing a serial approach rather than just identifying one large protected area to represent the biodiversity of the Western Ghats is due to the high degree of endemism, meaning that species composition from the very north of the mountains to 1,600km south varies greatly, and no one site could tell the story of the richness of these mountains. | UNESCO |
| A Western Ghats Natural Heritage Management Committee (WGNHMC) under the auspices of the Ministry of Environment of Forests (MoEF), Government of India to deal with coordination and integration issues is already functional. | UNESCO |