Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Palace and Park of Versailles' has mentioned 'Louis XIV' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| The Palace of Versailles (/vxc9x9bxc9x99rxcbx88saxc9xaa, vxc9x9cxcbx90rxcbx88saxc9xaa/ vair-SY, vur-SY;[1] French: Chxc3xa2teau de Versailles [xcax83xc9x91to d(xc9x99) vxc9x9bxcax81sxc9x91j] (listen)) was the principal royal residence of France from 1682, under Louis XIV, until the start of the French Revolution in 1789, under Louis XVI. | WIKI |
| A simple hunting lodge and later a small chxc3xa2teau with a moat occupied the site until 1661, when the first work expanding the chxc3xa2teau into a palace was carried out for Louis XIV. | WIKI |
| Contents 1 History 1.1 The palace of Louis XIV 1.2 Enlargement of the Palace (1678xe2x80x931715) 1.3 The Palace of Louis XV 1.4 Louis XVI, and the Palace during the Revolution 1.5 19th century xe2x80x93 history museum and government venue 1.6 20th century 1.7 21st century 2 Ownership and management 3 Architecture and plan 4 Royal Apartments 4.1 Ambassador's Staircase 4.2 The State Apartments of the King 4.2.1 The Salon of Hercules 4.2.2 The Salon of Abundance 4.2.3 The Salon of Venus 4.2.4 The Salon of Mercury 4.2.5 The Salon of Mars 4.2.6 The Salon of Apollo 4.2.7 The Salon of Diana 4.3 Private apartments of the King and Queen 4.3.1 Private apartments of the King 4.3.2 Private apartments of The Queen 5 The Grand Gallery 5.1 The War Salon 5.2 The Hall of Mirrors 5.3 The Peace Salon 6 Royal Chapel 7 Royal Opera 8 Museum of the History of France 9 Gardens and fountains 9.1 The Parterre d'Eau and the Parterre and Fountain of Latona 9.2 Fountain of the Chariot of Apollo and the Grand Canal 9.3 North Parterre, Dragon Basin, and Basin of Neptune 9.4 South Parterre and the Orangerie 9.5 The Fountains and the shortage of water 9.5.1 Sanitation 10 The Bosquets or Groves 11 The Grand Trianon and Petit Trianon 12 The Hamlet of Marie Antoinette 13 Modern Political and ceremonial functions 14 Cost 15 Gallery 16 See also 17 Notes 17.1 Citations 18 References 18.1 Web sources 19 Further reading 20 External links | WIKI |
| Richelieu died in 1642 and was followed by Louis XIII in 1643, which left Anne as regent for a four-year-old Louis XIV and began a struggle between Anne, Richelieu's successor, Cardinal Mazarin, and the princes of the blood over control of Louis XIV. | WIKI |
| The ensuing state of near-anarchy in France, called the Fronde, ended in 1653 and would greatly influence Louis XIV. | WIKI |
| In 1661, the year of Mazarin's death,[16] Louis XIV, determined to rule absolutely,[17] reformed his government to exclude his mother and the princes of the blood[18] and had the powerful Superintendent of Finances, Nicolas Fouquet, imprisoned. | WIKI |
| Louis XIV would also move the court to Saint-Germain-en-Laye, dismaying Jean-Baptiste Colbert,[19] who Louis XIV had appointed to replace Fouquet. | WIKI |
| [20] Colbert implored Louis XIV to return to Paris, but the king had taken a personal dislike to the capital during the Fronde and would only visit for ceremonial events. | WIKI |
| The last time Louis XIV would even sleep in Paris was in 1666. | WIKI |
| In July 1661, Louis XIV had visited the Chxc3xa2teau de Vaux-le-Vicomte, Fouquet's palatial residence, and was impressed by the palace and gardens. | WIKI |
| After jailing Fouquet in September, Louis XIV recruited its authors xe2x80x93 architect Louis Le Vau, landscape architect Andrxc3xa9 Le Nxc3xb4tre, and painter Charles Le Brun xe2x80x93 for a project of his own. | WIKI |
| [22] In 1651, Louis XIV made his first visit to Versailles,[8] and a decade later made the decision to enlarge his father's chxc3xa2teau into a palace, a task he gave to Le Vau. | WIKI |
| The palace of Louis XIV[edit] | WIKI |
| [27] In the 1670s and 1680s, 10xc2xa0million livres worth of solid silver furniture was commissioned to designs by Le Brun, including tubs for Louis XIV's orange trees, an 8 foot high sculpted throne, and a silver balustrade in the Salon of Mercury. | WIKI |
| In 1682 Louis XIV was able to proclaim Versailles his principal residence and the seat of the government and was able to give rooms in the palace to almost all of his courtiers. | WIKI |
| After the death of Maria Theresa of Spain in 1683, Louis XIV undertook the enlargement and remodeling of the royal apartments in the original part of the palace, within the former hunting lodge built by his father. | WIKI |
| Louis XIV died in 1715, and the young new King, Louis XV, just five years old, and his government were moved temporarily from Versailles to Paris under the regency of Philippe II, Duke of Orlxc3xa9ans. | WIKI |
| The extension of the King's petit appartement necessitated the demolition of the Ambassador's Staircase, one of the most admired features of Louis XIV's palace, which left the Palace without a grand staircase entrance. | WIKI |
| It then became grander and more monumental, with the addition of the colonnades and flat roofs of the new royal apartments in the French classical or Louis XIV style, as designed by Louis Le Vau and later Jules Hardouin-Mansart. | WIKI |
| The palace was largely completed by the death of Louis XIV in 1715. | WIKI |
| In the center, a 3-storey avant-corps fronted with eight red marble columns supporting a gilded wrought-iron balcony is surmounted with a triangle of lead statuary surrounding a large clock, whose hands were stopped upon the death of Louis XIV. | WIKI |
| The queen's apartments served as the residence of three queens of France xe2x80x93 Marie-Thxc3xa9rxc3xa8se d'Autriche, wife of Louis XIV, Marie Leczinska, wife of Louis XV, and Marie-Antoinette, wife of Louis XVI. | WIKI |
| Additionally, Louis XIV's granddaughter-in-law, Princess Marie-Adxc3xa9laxc3xafde of Savoy, duchesse de Bourgogne, wife of the Petit Dauphin, occupied these rooms from 1697 (the year of her marriage) to her death in 1712. | WIKI |
| Additionally, it is known to include Thalia (the muse of Comedy), Melpomene, Calliope, and Apollo (Louis XIV's emblem)[70] and the twelve months of the year. | WIKI |
| References to the greater world, such as the depiction of the twelve months of the year and the four parts of the world, circle back to Louis XIV's mentality of Versailles symbolizing supreme and divine power which in turn, reflects Louis XIV's desired depiction of his reign. | WIKI |
| It was rebuilt beginning in 1712 under the supervision of the First Architect of the King, Robert de Cotte, to showcase two paintings by Paolo Veronese, Eleazar and Rebecca and Meal at the House of Simon the Pharisee, which was a gift to Louis XIV from the Republic of Venice in 1664. | WIKI |
| The Salon of Abundance was the antechamber to the Cabinet of Curios (now the Games Room), which displayed Louis XIV's collection of precious jewels and rare objects. | WIKI |
| The principal feature in this room is Jean Warin's life-size statue of Louis XIV in the costume of a Roman emperor. | WIKI |
| The Salon of Mercury was the original State Bedchamber when Louis XIV officially moved the court and government to the Palace in 1682. | WIKI |
| When it chimes the hour, figures of Louis XIV and Fame descend from a cloud. | WIKI |
| Salon of Mars Ceiling in the Salon of Apollo, depicting the Sun Chariot of Apollo Bust of Louis XIV by Bernini in Salon of Diana | WIKI |
| The Salon of Apollo was the royal throne room under Louis XIV, and was the setting for formal audiences. | WIKI |
| The Salon of Diana was used by Louis XIV as a billiards room, and had galleries from which courtiers could watch him play. | WIKI |
| The celebrated bust of Louis XIV by Bernini made during the famous sculptor's visit to France in 1665, is on display here. | WIKI |
| They were set aside for the personal use of Louis XIV in 1683. | WIKI |
| The King's apartment was accessed from the Hall of Mirrors from the Oeil de Boeuf antechamber or from the Guardroom and the Grand Couvert, the ceremonial room where Louis XIV often took his evening meals, seated alone at a table in front of the fireplace. | WIKI |
| The King's bedchamber had originally been a Drawing Room before Louis XIV transformed it into his own bedroom in 1701. | WIKI |
| Originally arranged for the use of the Marie-Thxc3xa9rxc3xa8se, consort of Louis XIV, the rooms were later modified for use by Marie Leszczyxc5x84ska and finally for Marie-Antoinette. | WIKI |
| The Peace Salon The Peace Salon; Louis XV sharing benefits of peace by Franxc3xa7ois Lemoyne The Galerie des Glaces or Hall of Mirrors Guerdirons or candle holders in the Hall of Mirrors Relief of Louis XIV in the Salon of War, by Antoine Coysevox (1715) | WIKI |
| The Grand Gallery is a highly decorated reception room, dedicated to the celebration of the political and military successes of Louis XIV, and used for important ceremonies, celebrations and receptions. | WIKI |
| The War Salon commemorates the victorious campaign of Louis XIV against the Dutch, which ended in 1678. | WIKI |
| The centerpiece is an enormous sculpted medallion of Louis XIV, on horseback, crossing the Rhine in 1672, created by Antoine Coysevox. | WIKI |
| Charles Le Brun painted thirty scenes of the early reign of Louis XIV on the ceiling. | WIKI |
| It shows Louis XIV, facing the powers of Europe, turning away from his pleasures to accept a crown of immortality from Glory, with the encouragement of Mars. | WIKI |
| The chapel was the last building at Versailles to be completed during the reign of Louis XIV. | WIKI |
| The Royal Opera of Versailles was originally commissioned by Louis XIV in 1682 and was to be built at the end of the North Wing with a design by Mansart and Vigarani. | WIKI |
| Another set of rooms on the first floor has been made into galleries on Louis XIV and his court, displaying furniture, paintings, and sculpture. | WIKI |
| Apollo, the sun god, was the emblem of Louis XIV, featured in much of the decoration of the palace. | WIKI |
| The thickness of the walls combined with the southern exposure and double glazing of the windows was designed according to the theories of Jean Baptiste de la Quintinie, the head gardener of the Potager du roi, to provide a frost-free environment year round for the tender subtropical plants, primarily Orange trees, beloved by Louis XIV. | WIKI |
| This presented the daunting problem to Louis XIV's engineers of how to transport water uphill over such a distance. | WIKI |
| [97] At full capacity, over one million gallons of water per day could be pumped into the Marly reservoirs, but ironically by the 1690s the Chxc3xa2teau de Marly had become the main recipient, since Louis XIV built an enormous water cascade to rival the waterworks at Versailles. | WIKI |
| In 1685, pressure on water supplies led Louis XIV to commission another aqueduct, the Canal de l'Eure, to transport water from the River Eure, 52 miles to the southwest. | WIKI |
| Work on the Eure aqueduct came to a halt in 1688, when France entered the Nine Years' War, and the poor finances of the kingdom in the latter part of Louis XIV's life prevented work from ever resuming. | WIKI |
| In the time of Louis XIV, even the palace, with its thousands of inhabitants, was continually short of fresh drinking water, necessitating the relocation of the court periodically to the palaces of Fontainebleau or Compixc3xa8gne. | WIKI |
| During the reign of Louis XIV and most of the reign of Louis XV, there was no plumbing to speak of in the palace itself. | WIKI |
| In the 1670s, Louis XIV had a magnificent five-room bath complex installed on the ground floor of the apartments belonging to his mistress, Madame de Montespan. | WIKI |
| The bosquets were created for Louis XIV between 1680 and 1690. | WIKI |
| Some of the early groves were altered beyond recognition by later monarchs, but the most famous bosquets, Le Nxc3xb4tre's Salle de Bal (literally, "ballroom"), also known as the Bosquet des Rocailles (c. 1685), and Hardouin-Mansart's Bosquet de la Colonnade, have both been restored to the way they were under Louis XIV. | WIKI |
| In 1668 Louis XIV decided to build a smaller palace some distance from the main palace, where he could spend quieter time away from the crowds and formality of his Court. | WIKI |
| One of the most baffling aspects to the study of Versailles is the costxc2xa0xe2x80x93 how much Louis XIV and his successors spent on Versailles. | WIKI |
| Initially, Versailles was planned to be an occasional residence for Louis XIV and was referred to as the "king's house". | WIKI |
| Once Louis XIV embarked on his building campaigns, expenses for Versailles became more of a matter for public record, especially after Jean-Baptiste Colbert assumed the post of finance minister. | WIKI |
| Expenditures on Versailles have been recorded in the compendium known as the Comptes des bxc3xa2timents du roi sous le rxc3xa8gne de Louis XIV and which were edited and published in five volumes by Jules Guiffrey in the 19th century. | WIKI |
| To counter the costs of Versailles during the early years of Louis XIV's personal reign, Colbert decided that Versailles should be the "showcase" of France. | WIKI |
| Louis XIV visits the Gobelins with Colbert, 15 October 1667. | WIKI |
| Articles of Louis XIV's silver furniture are seen in this tapestry. | WIKI |
| One of the most costly elements in the furnishing of the grands appartements during the early years of the personal reign of Louis XIV was the silver furniture, which can be taken as a standardxc2xa0xe2x80x93 with other criteriaxc2xa0xe2x80x93 for determining a plausible cost for Versailles. | WIKI |
| [d] However, Frances Buckland provides valuable information that provides an idea of the true cost of the expenditures at Versailles during the time of Louis XIV. | WIKI |
| [124] In December 1689, to defray the cost of the War of the League of Augsburg, Louis XIV ordered all the silver furniture and articles of silver at Versailles xe2x80x93 including chamber pots xe2x80x93 sent to the mint to be melted. | WIKI |
| Located in the xc3x8ele-de-France region, south-west of Paris, privileged place both of residence and the exercise of power of the French monarchy from Louis XIV to Louis XVI, the Palace and Park of Versailles, built and embellished by several generations of architects, sculptors, painters, ornamentalists and landscape artists, represented for Europe for more than a century, the perfect model of a royal residence. | UNESCO |
| The strongest imprint has been left by Louis XIV, who started by enlarging the small brick and stone chxc3xa2teau built by his father, Louis XIII, in 1624. | UNESCO |
| The famous Galerie des Glaces, between the Salon de la Guerre and that of the Paix, is the masterpiece of the Neo-classical and typically French style, called Louis XIV. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (vi): The absolute seat of power of the monarch, Versailles was the best formulated and best adapted crucible for French court life for a century and a half (Louis XIV perfectioned xe2x80x9cetiquettexe2x80x9d) and artistic creation in the domain of music, theatre and the decorative arts. | UNESCO |