Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Old and New Towns of Edinburgh' has mentioned 'Town' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| Old Town, EdinburghUNESCO World Heritage SiteThe Old Town seen from Princes StreetLocationEdinburgh, Scotland, United KingdomPart ofOld and New Towns of EdinburghCriteriaCultural:xc2xa0(ii)(iv)Reference728Inscription1995 (19th session)Coordinates55xc2xb056xe2x80xb251.26xe2x80xb3N 3xc2xb011xe2x80xb229.87xe2x80xb3Wxefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf55.9475722xc2xb0N 3.1916306xc2xb0Wxefxbbxbf / 55.9475722; -3.1916306Coordinates: 55xc2xb056xe2x80xb251.26xe2x80xb3N 3xc2xb011xe2x80xb229.87xe2x80xb3Wxefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf55.9475722xc2xb0N 3.1916306xc2xb0Wxefxbbxbf / 55.9475722; -3.1916306Location of Old Town, Edinburgh in EdinburghShow map of EdinburghOld Town, Edinburgh (Scotland)Show map of ScotlandOld Town, Edinburgh (the United Kingdom)Show map of the United Kingdom | WIKI |
| Together with the 18th/19th-century New Town, it forms part of a protected UNESCO World Heritage Site. | WIKI |
| Contents 1 Royal Mile 2 Street layout 3 Sections 4 Residential buildings 5 Major events 6 Old Town Renewal Trust 7 Proposed development 8 See also 9 External links 10 References | WIKI |
| The "Royal Mile" is a name coined in the early 20th century for the main street of the Old Town which runs on a downwards slope from Edinburgh Castle to Holyrood Palace and the ruined Holyrood Abbey. | WIKI |
| Significant buildings in the Old Town include St. Giles' Cathedral, the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland, the National Museum of Scotland, the Old College of the University of Edinburgh and the Scottish Parliament Building. | WIKI |
| Access to the town was restricted by means of various gates (called ports) in the city walls, of which only fragmentary sections remain. | WIKI |
| Image of the Old Town from Calton Hill taken from page 179 of 'Edinburgh: Picturesque Notes' (1896) by Robert Louis Stevenson. | WIKI |
| In addition to the Royal Mile, the Old Town may be divided into various areas, namely from west to east: | WIKI |
| West Port, the old route out of Edinburgh to the west Grassmarket, the area to the south-west Edinburgh Castle The Cowgate, the lower southern section of the town [4] Canongate, a name correctly applied to the whole eastern district Holyrood, the area containing Holyrood Palace and Holyrood Abbey Croft-An-Righ, a group of buildings north-east of Holyrood | WIKI |
| Due to the space restrictions imposed by the narrowness of the "tail", and the advantages of living within the defensive wall, the Old Town became home to some of the world's earliest "high rise" residential buildings. | WIKI |
| Many of these buildings were destroyed in the Great Fire of Edinburgh in 1824; the rebuilding of these on the original foundations led to changes in the ground level and the creation of numerous passages and vaults under the Old Town. | WIKI |
| A replica gas lamp in the Old Town | WIKI |
| Old Town Renewal Trust[edit] | WIKI |
| In the 1990s the Old Town Renewal Trust in conjunction with the City of Edinburgh developed an action plan for renewal [6][7][8][9] | WIKI |
| [10] The proposals have been criticised by commentators including the author Alexander McCall Smith and Sheila Gilmore MP who regard the modern design as incompatible with the existing older architectural styles of the Old Town and inappropriate for a UNESCO World Heritage site. | WIKI |
| The contrast between the organic medieval Old Town and the planned Georgian New Town of Edinburgh, Scotland, provides a clarity of urban structure unrivalled in Europe. | UNESCO |
| The Old Town stretches along a high ridge from the Castle on its dramatically situated rock down to the Palace of Holyrood. | UNESCO |
| The Old Town is characterized by the survival of the little-altered medieval "fishbone" street pattern of narrow closes, wynds, and courts leading off the spine formed by the High Street, the broadest, longest street in the Old Town, with a sense of enclosed space derived from its width, the height of the buildings lining it, and the small scale of any breaks between them. | UNESCO |
| The New Town, constructed between 1767 and 1890 as a collection of seven new towns on the glacial plain to the north of the Old Town, is framed and articulated by an uncommonly high concentration of planned ensembles of ashlar-faced, world-class, neo-classical buildings, associated with renowned architects, including John and Robert Adam (1728-92), Sir William Chambers (1723-96), and William Playfair (1790-1857). | UNESCO |
| The New Town is integrated with large green spaces. | UNESCO |
| The successive planned extensions from the first New Town, and the high quality of the architecture, set standards for Scotland and beyond, and exerted a major influence on the development of urban architecture and town planning throughout Europe. | UNESCO |
| The dramatic topography of the Old Town combined with the planned alignments of key buildings in both the Old and the New Town, results in spectacular views and panoramas and an iconic skyline. | UNESCO |
| The renewal and revival of the Old Town in the late 19th century, and the adaptation of the distinctive Baronial style of building for use in an urban environment, influenced the development of conservation policies for urban environments. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (ii): The successive planned extensions of the New Town, and the high quality of its architecture, set standards for Scotland and beyond, and exerted a major influence on the development of urban architecture and town planning throughout Europe, in the 18th and 19th centuries. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (iv): The Old and New Towns together form a dramatic reflection of significant changes in European urban planning, from the inward looking, defensive walled medieval city of royal palaces, abbeys and organically developed burgage plots in the Old Town, through the expansive formal Enlightenment planning of the 18th and 19th centuries in the New Town, to the 19th century rediscovery and revival of the Old Town with its adaptation of a distinctive Baronial style of architecture in an urban setting. | UNESCO |
| The property encompasses significant town-planning components, including layout, buildings, open spaces and views, that demonstrate the distinctiveness between the organic growth of the Old Town and the planned terraces and squares of the New Town with the wide landscaped valley between. | UNESCO |
| The Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1997 and The Planning etc. | UNESCO |
| The Old Town, New Town, Dean Village and West End Conservation Areas provide adequate protection by covering the majority of the World Heritage property, whilst around 75% of buildings within the property are category A, B or C listed buildings. | UNESCO |
| Edinburgh World Heritage was established by the City of Edinburgh Council and Historic Scotland through a merger between the Edinburgh New Town Conservation Committee and the Edinburgh Old Town Renewal Trust. | UNESCO |