Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Old City of Berne' has mentioned 'City' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| Medieval city center of Bern | WIKI |
| Old City of BerneUNESCO World Heritage SiteBern's old city as seen from across the AareLocationBern, Bern-Mittelland, Canton of Bern, SwitzerlandCriteriaCultural:xc2xa0(iii)Reference267Inscription1983 (7th session)Area84.684xc2xa0ha (209.26 acres)Coordinates46xc2xb056xe2x80xb253xe2x80xb3N 7xc2xb027xe2x80xb21xe2x80xb3Exefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf46.94806xc2xb0N 7.45028xc2xb0Exefxbbxbf / 46.94806; 7.45028Coordinates: 46xc2xb056xe2x80xb253xe2x80xb3N 7xc2xb027xe2x80xb21xe2x80xb3Exefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf46.94806xc2xb0N 7.45028xc2xb0Exefxbbxbf / 46.94806; 7.45028Location of Old City in BernShow map of BernOld City (Bern) (Canton of Bern)Show map of Canton of BernOld City (Bern) (Switzerland)Show map of Switzerland | WIKI |
| Map of the Old City | WIKI |
| The Old City (German: Altstadt) is the medieval city center of Bern, Switzerland. | WIKI |
| Despite a major fire in 1405, after which much of the city was rebuilt in sandstone, and substantial construction efforts in the eighteenth century, Bern's old city has retained its medieval character. | WIKI |
| The Old City is home to Switzerland's tallest minster as well as other churches, bridges and a large collection of Renaissance fountains. | WIKI |
| In addition to many historical buildings, the seats of the federal, cantonal and municipal government are also situated in the Old City. | WIKI |
| It is a UNESCO Cultural World Heritage Site since 1983 due to the compact and generally intact medieval core and is an excellent example of incorporating the modern world into a medieval city. | WIKI |
| Numerous buildings in the Old City have been designated as Swiss Cultural Properties of National Significance, as well as the entire Old City. | WIKI |
| Following the Roman conquest of Helvetia a small Roman settlement was established near the Old City. | WIKI |
| Map of the city from 1638 showing the Old City as well as later defensive fortifications to the east. | WIKI |
| Local legend has it that the duke vowed to name the city after the first animal he met on the hunt, which turned out to be a bear. | WIKI |
| [2] Both the name of the city (Bern can stand for Bxc3xa4r(e) n, bears) and its heraldic beast, come from this legend. | WIKI |
| This location made the city easy to defend and influenced the later development of the city. | WIKI |
| The long, narrow shape of the peninsula made the city develop as several long, parallel rows of houses. | WIKI |
| The only major cross streets (going north and south) developed along the city walls, which were moved to allow the city to expand. | WIKI |
| The first expansion of Bern occurred as the city was founded. | WIKI |
| Most likely the first city started at Nydegg Castle and reached to the Zytglogge (Swiss German: clock tower). | WIKI |
| The city was divided by three longitudinal streets, which stretched from the Castle to the city wall. | WIKI |
| Both the position of the town church and the shape of the eaves were typical for a Zxc3xa4hringer city. | WIKI |
| Brunngasse was a semi-circular street on the north edge of the city, while Herrengasse was on the south side of the city. | WIKI |
| This wall was added to protect the four streets, known as the New City or Savoy City, that had sprung up outside the Zytglogge. | WIKI |
| Around 1268 Nydegg Castle was destroyed, and the city expanded into the area formerly occupied by the castle. | WIKI |
| [4] In the south-east part of the peninsula below the main hill that the rest of the Old City occupied, a section known as Matte grew up. | WIKI |
| However, as the city grew, people began settling outside the city walls. | WIKI |
| In 1344 the city started to build a third wall to protect the growing population. | WIKI |
| These defensive walls, known as the Grosse Schanze and Kleine Schanze (large and small redoubts respectively) as well as the Schanzegraben (redoubt ditch or moat), were never used as living space for the city, though the Schanzengraben was used for a while to house the Bxc3xa4rengraben. | WIKI |
| The fire raced through the city and destroyed most of the buildings in town. | WIKI |
| In the wake of this disaster, the city was rebuilt with all stone houses in similar medieval styles. | WIKI |
| A number of fountains were topped with large allegorical statues, eleven of which are still visible in the city. | WIKI |
| The fountains served to show the power and wealth of the city,[6] as well as providing fresh water for the citizens of the city. | WIKI |
| Overall, the city remained nearly unchanged for the next two centuries. | WIKI |
| Throughout the nineteenth century, this ring of modern cities grew up around the Old City without forcing it to demolish the medieval city core. | WIKI |
| However, the growth around the Old City did lead to several projects. | WIKI |
| One of the biggest projects was the proposed destruction of the Christoffelturm to open up the west end of the city. | WIKI |
| The vote to make Bern the federal city was met with little enthusiasm (419 vs 313 votes) in Bern[7] due to concerns over the cost. | WIKI |
| [8] The three parliament buildings represent the majority of the new, federal construction in the Old City. | WIKI |
| Most of the other buildings that come with a national capital were placed outside the Old City or were incorporated into existing buildings. | WIKI |
| For centuries the famous Bxc3xa4rengraben (German: Bear Pits) were located in the Old City. | WIKI |
| However, the bears remained in the Old City until the expansion of the new capital forced them out. | WIKI |
| The bears and the Bxc3xa4rengraben were moved from the Old City across the Aare on 27 May 1857. | WIKI |
| In the twentieth century, Bern has had to deal with incorporating the modern world into a medieval city. | WIKI |
| The plaza where the Christoffelturm used to be, has become the central bus stop for the city. | WIKI |
| However, one of the biggest challenges has been integrating automobile traffic into the Old City. | WIKI |
| Due to the number of important buildings in the Old City and the central location of the Old City, it was impossible to completely close off this area to vehicles. | WIKI |
| While some streets have remained pedestrian zones, most major streets carry city buses, trams or personal vehicles. | WIKI |
| The Viertel and Quartiere of the old city. | WIKI |
| The old city was historically subdivided into four Viertel and four Quartiere. | WIKI |
| The Viertel were the city's official administrative districts. | WIKI |
| The central and oldest neighbourhood is the Zxc3xa4hringerstadt (Zxc3xa4hringer town), which contained the medieval city's principal political, economic and spiritual institutions. | WIKI |
| The second oldest neighbourhood, the Innere Neustadt (Inner New City), was built during the city's first westward expansion in 1255, between the first western wall guarded by the Zytglogge tower and the second wall, guarded by the Kxc3xa4figturm. | WIKI |
| The Mattequartier and the old city seen from the east, c. 1820. | WIKI |
| The last neighbourhood to be built was the xc3x84ussere Neustadt (Outer New City), which added a third and final layer to Bern's defences starting in 1343. | WIKI |
| While the entire old town of Bern is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, there are a number of buildings and fountains within the city that merit special mention. | WIKI |
| The small Mariakapelle (Mary's Chapel) located in the side of the bridge column on the city side was blessed in 1467. | WIKI |
| [31] as part of the city defenses. | WIKI |
| He was responsible for peace and protection in a section of a city and then to lead troops from that section in battle. | WIKI |
| In Bern, the Venner was a very powerful position and was key in city's operations. | WIKI |
| The bear represents the bear, that according to legend, Berchtold shot on the Aare peninsula as he was searching for a site to build a city. | WIKI |
| On 29 November 1354 in her will[46] she asked the city to help found a hospital in her house which today stands on Zeughausgasse. | WIKI |
| Public buildings for secular and religious authorities were always located at the periphery, a principle also respected in the 19th century during the construction of the large public monuments confirming the function of Berne as the federal city from 1848. | UNESCO |
| The medieval establishment of Berne, reflecting the slow conquest of the site by urban extensions from the 12th to the 14th century, makes Berne an impressive example of the High Middle Ages with regard to the foundation of a city, figuring in the European arena among the most significant of urban planning creations. | UNESCO |
| The features of Berne were modified to reflect the modern era: in the 16th century, picturesque fountains were introduced to the city and restoration work was carried out on the towers and walls and the cathedral was completed. | UNESCO |
| However, this continual modernization, right through to the present day, was carried out observing the need to conserve the medieval urban structure of the city. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (iii): The Old City of Berne is a positive example of a city that has conserved its medieval urban structure whilst responding, over time, to the increasingly complex functions of a capital city of a modern State. | UNESCO |
| Although during the first decades of the 20th century, the safeguarding of the Old City was specifically concentrated on the appearance of the buildings (facades, roofs), the large majority of the historic buildings representing diverse periods have retained their interior structures, and the overall medieval plan has remained intact. | UNESCO |
| The city today demonstrates a good state of conservation of the buildings and a very dynamic and contemporary urban activity. | UNESCO |
| The specialised service of the city for historic monuments is responsible for the conservation of the built heritage, in the strict sense, while other city and cantonal services ensure the more extensive urban management (planning and land use, public and private transportation regulations, security, arrangements and structures for risk management, notably as regards natural and environmental catastrophes, etc.). | UNESCO |