Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Namib Sand Sea' has mentioned 'Desert' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| desert in southern Africa | WIKI |
| NamibAn image of the Namib Desert by the MODIS instrumentApproximate boundaries of the Namib DesertLength1,600xc2xa0km (990xc2xa0mi)Width50xe2x80x93160xc2xa0km (31xe2x80x9399xc2xa0mi)Area160,000xc2xa0km2 (62,000xc2xa0sqxc2xa0mi)GeographyCountriesNamibia, South Africa and AngolaRivers List Swakop RiverKuiseb RiverCunene RiverOrange RiverOlifants RiverTsauchab UNESCO World Heritage SiteOfficialxc2xa0nameNamib Sand SeaCriteriaNatural: vii, viii, ix, xReference1430Inscription2013 (37th session)Area3,077,700 haBufferxc2xa0zone899,500 ha | WIKI |
| The Namib (/xcbx88nxc9x91xcbx90mxc9xaab/;[1] Portuguese: Namibe) is a coastal desert in southern Africa. | WIKI |
| [2] Annual precipitation ranges from 2 millimetres (0.079xc2xa0in) in the most arid regions to 200 millimetres (7.9xc2xa0in) at the escarpment, making the Namib the only true desert in southern Africa. | WIKI |
| [2][4][5] Having endured arid or semi-arid conditions for roughly 55xe2x80x9380 million years, the Namib may be the oldest desert in the world[2][5] and contains some of the world's driest regions, with only western South America's Atacama Desert to challenge it for age and aridity benchmarks. | WIKI |
| The desert geology consists of sand seas near the coast, while gravel plains and scattered mountain outcrops occur further inland. | WIKI |
| [6] Fogs that originate offshore from the collision of the cold Benguela Current and warm air from the Hadley Cell create a fog belt that frequently envelops parts of the desert. | WIKI |
| [2][5] While this has proved a major hazard to shipsxe2x80x94more than a thousand wrecks litter the Skeleton Coastxe2x80x94it is a vital source of moisture for desert life. | WIKI |
| [4] Owing to its antiquity, the Namib may be home to more endemic species than any other desert in the world. | WIKI |
| [6] Most of the desert wildlife is arthropods and other small animals that live on little water, although larger animals inhabit the northern regions. | WIKI |
| Namib desert and ocean | WIKI |
| The Welwitschia plant is considered a living fossil, and is found only in the Namib Desert | WIKI |
| Yellow desert | WIKI |
| The Namib Desert is one of the 500 distinct physiographic provinces of the South African Platform physiographic division. | WIKI |
| To the north, the desert leads into the Kaokoveld; the dividing line between these two regions is roughly at the latitude of the city of Walvis Bay, and it consists in a narrow strip of land (about 50xc2xa0km wide) that is the driest place in Southern Africa. | WIKI |
| Moving north from Sossusvlei, the sand gradually gives way to a rocky desert that extends all the way from Sossusvlei to the Swakop river. | WIKI |
| The Namib desert is an important location for the mining of tungsten, salt and diamonds. | WIKI |
| Winds coming from the Indian Ocean lose part of their humidity when passing the Drakensberg mountains, and are essentially dry when they reach the Namib Escarpment at the eastern end of the desert. | WIKI |
| Morning fogs coming from the ocean and pushing inwards into the desert are a regular phenomenon along the coast, and much of the life cycle of animals and plants in the Namib relies on these fogs as the main source of water. | WIKI |
| All along the coast, but mostly in the northernmost part of it, interaction between the water-laden air coming from the sea via southerly winds, some of the strongest of any coastal desert, and the dry air of the desert causes immense fogs and strong currents. | WIKI |
| Some of these wrecked ships can be found as much as 50 metres (55 yards) inland, as the desert slowly moves westwards into the sea, reclaiming land over a period of many years. | WIKI |
| Rainfall records also show positive values variously across the Namib, Desert Research Station, Gobabeb for instance. | WIKI |
| Quiver trees within Namib Desert | WIKI |
| A number of unusual species of plants and animals are found in this desert, many of which are endemic and highly adapted to the specific climate of the area. | WIKI |
| These leaves may be several meters long, gnarled and twisted from the desert winds. | WIKI |
| The Namib fauna mostly comprises arthropods and other small animals that can live on little water, but a few species of bigger animals are also found, including antelopes (such as oryxes and springboks), ostriches, and in some areas even desert elephants. | WIKI |
| A number of endemic darkling beetles species xe2x80x94 such as the Namib Desert beetle xe2x80x94 have bumpy elytrons with a pattern of hydrophilic bumps and hydrophobic troughs. | WIKI |
| The desert is also home to meerkats and several species of lizards. | WIKI |
| A few Nama Khoikhoi still graze their livestock on the banks of the Kuiseb River in the desert. | WIKI |
| Most of the native people have left, however, leaving the vast majority of the desert uninhabited. | WIKI |
| The steppes in the southern half of the desert are mostly made up of ranches run by Europeans, who raise Karakul sheep with local help and send the wool of the lambs to Europe for use in fur coats. | WIKI |
| Most of the rest of the desert is set aside for conservation. | WIKI |
| A vast portion of the desert, called the Sperrgebiet, was access-restricted due to the presence of diamonds, which are mined in the area at the mouth of the Orange River. | WIKI |
| Although the desert is largely unpopulated and inaccessible, there are year-round settlements at Sesriem, close to the famous Sossusvlei area, and other small outposts in other locations. | WIKI |
| Moxc3xa7xc3xa2medes in Angola, and Lxc3xbcderitz, Walvis Bay and Swakopmund in Namibia, bordering on the desert, are the main settlements in the area. | WIKI |
| The Namib-Naukluft National Park, that extends over a large part of the Namib Desert, is the largest game reserve in Africa and one of the largest of the world. | WIKI |
| While most of the park is hardly accessible, several well-known visitor attractions are found in the desert. | WIKI |
| Access to the park is either by gravel roads or dust roads (except for 60xc2xa0km of concrete road from the Sesriem gate to Sossusvlei) or by light aircraft from Windhoek (the capital of Namibia, about 480xc2xa0km (300xc2xa0mi) north-east of the centre of the desert), or Swakopmund and Walvis Bay at the north end of the desert. | WIKI |
| The Namib Sand Sea is a unique coastal fog desert encompassing a diverse array of large, shifting dunes. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (vii):The property is the worldxe2x80x99s only coastal desert that includes extensive dune fields influenced by fog. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (viii): The property represents an exceptional example of ongoing geological processes involving the formation of the worldxe2x80x99s only extensive dune system in a coastal fog desert through transport of material over thousands of kilometres by river, ocean current and wind. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (ix): The property is an exceptional example of ongoing ecological process in a coastal fog desert where plant and animal communities are continuously adapting to life in a hyper arid environment. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (x): The property is of outstanding importance for the in-situ conservation of an unusual and exceptional array of endemic species uniquely adapted to life in a hyper-arid desert environment in which fog serves as the primary source of water. | UNESCO |
| These are mostly invertebrate animals and display a range of very rare behavioural and physiological adaptations to the desert environment where they live that contributes significantly to the propertyxe2x80x99s OUV. | UNESCO |
| There is potential for serial extension of the Namib Sand Sea beyond the Namib-Naukluft Park and beyond national borders to include other significant dune systems within other protected areas of the larger Namib Desert. | UNESCO |