Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Monastery and Site of the Escurial, Madrid' has mentioned 'Library' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| It is one of the Spanish royal sites and functions as a monastery, basilica, royal palace, pantheon, library, museum, university, school and hospital. | WIKI |
| Contents 1 Design and conception 2 Sections of the building 2.1 Courtyard of the Kings 2.2 Basilica 2.3 Palace of Philip II 2.4 Hall of Battles 2.5 Royal burial vaults 2.5.1 Pantheon of the Kings 2.5.2 Pantheon of the Princes 2.6 Art gallery 2.7 Architectural museum 2.8 Gardens of the Friars 2.9 Library 2.9.1 Collecting process 3 The reliquaries 4 Adjacent buildings 5 See also 6 References 7 External links | WIKI |
| Echoing the same theme, a fresco in the center of El Escorial's library, a reminder of Solomonxe2x80x99s legendary wisdom, affirms Philip's preoccupation with the great Jewish king, his thoughtful and logical character, and his extraordinary monumental temple. | WIKI |
| Beyond being a monastery, El Escorial is also a pantheon, a basilica, a convent, a school, a library, and a royal palace. | WIKI |
| [8] The library contains thousands of priceless manuscripts; for example, the collection of the sultan, Zidan Abu Maali, who ruled Morocco from 1603 to 1627, is housed at El Escorial. | WIKI |
| Library[edit] | WIKI |
| [12] From the beginning, the Royal Library was meant to be a monumental work of art, and its execution was commissioned to the most prominent architects of the moment: Juan de Toledo and Juan de Herrera. | WIKI |
| It constituted, along with the basilica, the heart of the entire project and the whole exterior and distribution of the project was redrafted several times to accommodate changes in the organization of the library itself. | WIKI |
| It was the first library on the continent that broke with medieval design. | WIKI |
| Domenico Fontana was inspired by, if not copied, Herrera's design after a visit and used it for the Vatican's Library. | WIKI |
| After a fire in 1671 that engulfed the library about 5280 codices were destroyed, the prited collections were saved. | WIKI |
| The Library, like everything else in El Escorial, forms part of a larger symbolic structure and has symbolic meaning functioning within it. | WIKI |
| The corridors of the library branch out in different sections just to re-converge in the end. | WIKI |
| During Philip IIxe2x80x99s reign, the library introduced a novel way of arranging the library's bookcases or xe2x80x9cbook pressesxe2x80x9d. | WIKI |
| Until then most book presses were combined with desks and stood at right angles to the library's walls. | WIKI |
| This system was known as the xe2x80x9cstall systemxe2x80x9d and allowed light from the library's windows to illuminate the shelves. | WIKI |
| Phillipxe2x80x99s library began using a xe2x80x9cwall systemxe2x80x9d placing the bookcases along the walls. | WIKI |
| Currently the Library has more than 40,000 volumes, located in a great hall fifty-four metres in length, nine metres wide and ten metres tall with marble floors and beautifully carved wood shelves. | WIKI |
| De Herrera and Italian construction engineer Giussep Flecha y Gamboa were careful to consider the security of the library's holdings in armarios (large bookcases) as well as their display, safeguards against fire hazards, and natural lighting. | WIKI |
| This Library was a Renaissance statement of power, majesty, prowess, and intellectual world leadership designed for both the preservation of the old (binding multiple cultural histories into a single Catholic Spanish culture) and discovery of the new (imprinted by that culture). | WIKI |
| The vault of the library's ceiling is decorated with frescoes depicting the seven liberal arts: Rhetoric, Dialectic, Music, Grammar, Arithmetic, Geometry, and Astronomy. | WIKI |
| The printed collection of the library is made up of: more than 600 incunabules, 10.608 books from the 16th century,2179 books from the 17th century and increasing number of books from the 18th century. | WIKI |
| It was planned by Juan de Herrera, who shared the king's neoplatonic views and also designed the libraryxe2x80x99s shelves; the frescoes on the vaulted ceilings were painted by Pellegrino Tibaldi. | WIKI |
| Philip was involved in every part of the design process, particularly in those regarding the library. | WIKI |
| He also bought 315 original volumes from Juan Pxc3xa1ez de Castro's personal library, in Greek and Arabic. | WIKI |
| The king assigned specific ambassadors charged with traveling through his Empire and neighboring kingdoms searching and buying the best acquisitions for El Escorial's library. | WIKI |
| Diego Guzmxc3xa1n de Silva was one of such ambassadors and made one of the most important purchases for the library during his time in Venice: an ancient collection of Greek manuscripts and Latin codecs (1569xe2x80x931577). | WIKI |
| At this point, the size of the library was such that Benito Arias Montano had to be specially hired to organize the books and classify them by language in addition to subject. | WIKI |
| [23] In the 1580s the Library acquired some of its most unique pieces. | WIKI |
| By 1602, the library had a large cartographic collection and over 150 mathematical instruments. | WIKI |
| Before his death, Philip II left in his last will a pension for the Escorial Library to ensure that it would still be able to acquire new volumes. | WIKI |
| Philip III continued his father's policy of protection and enrichment of the library, even though he was not theologically inclined. | WIKI |
| Of course, the orders of continuing to search for books for the library were still in place. | WIKI |
| Arias Montano donated a large number of original Hebrew manuscripts, and Admiral Luis Fajardo brought back the complete Zaydani library captured during his wars with the Sultan Muley Zidxc3xa1n. | WIKI |
| The Library reached its peak under Philip IV. | WIKI |
| In 1671 a great fire destroyed 5280 codices,the main hall was saved in which the printed books were kept in the library so the printed books survived[13].Among the most important losses were the Concilios visigxc3xb3ticos and the Historia natural de las Indias (Natural History of the Indies), a 19-volume encyclopedia on biology and botany by Francisco Hernxc3xa1ndez de Toledo. | WIKI |
| Shortly after, as the Habsburg dynasty came to its end and the Bourbons took the throne after the War of the Spanish Succession, a further loss took place, as the Bourbon kings reversed the trend of acquiring books for the library and instead proceeded to take books out to send to France or to their own libraries. | WIKI |
| Currently, the library has over 40,000 volumes. | WIKI |
| The library includes many important illuminated manuscripts, such as the Ottonian Golden Gospels of Henry III (1045xe2x80x9346). | WIKI |
| Within the monasteryxe2x80x99s massive volume, there is an ensemble of different buildings: the monastery, the church, the royal palace, the school, the seminary, and the royal library, brilliantly organised around eleven main courtyards and three service courtyards. | UNESCO |