Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Island of Gorée' has mentioned 'Island' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| xc3x8ele de Gorxc3xa9e (French pronunciation:xc2xa0xe2x80x8b[ildxc9x99xc9xa1oxcax81e]; "Gorxc3xa9e Island"; Wolof: Beer Dun) is one of the 19 communes d'arrondissement (i.e. | WIKI |
| It is an 18.2-hectare (45-acre) island located 2 kilometres (1.1xc2xa0nmi; 1.2xc2xa0mi) at sea from the main harbour of Dakar (14xc2xb040xe2x80xb2N 17xc2xb024xe2x80xb2Wxefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf14.667xc2xb0N 17.400xc2xb0Wxefxbbxbf / 14.667; -17.400), famous as a destination for people interested in the Atlantic slave trade although its actual role in the history of the slave trade is the subject of dispute. | WIKI |
| Contents 1 History and slave trade 1.1 French colonial rule 2 Administration 3 Archaeology of Gorxc3xa9e Island 3.1 Gorxc3xa9e Archaeological Project 3.2 Background 3.3 Pre-European settlement 3.4 European settlement 3.4.1 Maison des Esclaves 3.4.2 Bambara Quartier 4 Disputing Gorxc3xa9e as a major trading post for slaves 5 Notable residents 6 In popular culture 7 Gallery 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External links | WIKI |
| Gorxc3xa9e is a small island 900 metres (3,000xc2xa0ft) in length and 350 metres (1,150xc2xa0ft) in width sheltered by the Cap-Vert Peninsula. | WIKI |
| Being almost devoid of drinking water, the island was not settled before the arrival of Europeans. | WIKI |
| The House of Slaves is one of the oldest houses on the island. | WIKI |
| The island of Gorxc3xa9e was one of the first places in Africa to be settled by Europeans, as the Portuguese settled on the island in 1444. | WIKI |
| They named it after the Dutch island of Goeree, before the British took it over under Robert Holmes in 1664. | WIKI |
| After the French invasion in 1677, during the Franco-Dutch War, the island remained chiefly French until 1960. | WIKI |
| The island was notably taken and occupied by the British between 1758 and 1763 following the Capture of Gorxc3xa9e and wider Capture of Senegal during the Seven Years' War before being returned to France at the Treaty of Paris (1763). | WIKI |
| The population of the island fluctuated according to circumstances, from a few hundred free Africans and Creoles to about 1,500. | WIKI |
| Island of Gorxc3xa9e and its fortifications | WIKI |
| Many of the established families started to leave the island. | WIKI |
| Du Bois wrote of the school "On the picturesque island of Goree whose ancient ramparts face modern and commercial Dakar I saw two or three hundred fine black boys of high school rank gathered in from all Senegal by competitive tests and taught thoroughly by excellent French teachers in accordance with a curriculum which, as far as it went, was equal to that of any European school," while faulting Colonial France for how limited its public education infrastructure was in the country overall and expressing pessimism about further investment. | WIKI |
| Gorxc3xa9e is connected to the mainland by regular 30-minute ferry service, for pedestrians only; there are no cars on the island. | WIKI |
| Senegal's premier tourist site, the island was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978. | WIKI |
| Dakar, on the mainland, was part of the commune of Gorxc3xa9e, whose administration was located on the island. | WIKI |
| Thus, the commune of Gorxc3xa9e became limited to its tiny island. | WIKI |
| The commune of Gorxc3xa9e disappeared, and Gorxc3xa9e was now only a small island of the commune of Dakar. | WIKI |
| The new commune d'arrondissement of Gorxc3xa9e (officially, the Commune d'Arrondissement de l'xc3xaele de Gorxc3xa9e) took possession of the old mairie (town hall) in the center of the island. | WIKI |
| Archaeology of Gorxc3xa9e Island[edit] | WIKI |
| The island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, since September 1978. | WIKI |
| This historical site is a rare example of a European colony where we see free and enslaved Africans (making up half of Gorxc3xa9e's population), Europeans and Afro-Europeans living alongside each other, even as the island was a prominent center in the Atlantic slave trade. | WIKI |
| Archaeology on Gorxc3xa9e Island leads to many contradictory and contrasting conclusions. | WIKI |
| The project, extending over a period of several years, aimed to collect artifacts pertaining to the historical time periods of the pre- and post- European settlement, as well as identify the use of the different quarters on the island using the material culture excavated from those areas. | WIKI |
| In his preliminary results, Ibrahima Thiaw also discusses the difficulties of excavation on a primarily tourist island. | WIKI |
| Portuguese Major Captain Lanxc3xa7arote and his crew were the first to make Afro-European relations with Gorxc3xa9e Island in 1445. | WIKI |
| After sighting Gorxc3xa9e approximately three kilometres (1.9 miles) off the shore from modern day Dakar, Senegal, Lanxc3xa7arote and his officers sent ashore a few officers to leave peace offerings to the natives of the island. | WIKI |
| However, the Africans did not respond in the desired way and tore up the paper and smashed the cake and the mirror, thus setting the tone for future relations between the Portuguese and Africans of Gorxc3xa9e Island. | WIKI |
| By the later half of the 18th century, the segregation was between signares and their families and the rest of the island as well as the previous instated quarters. | WIKI |
| Due to a plethora of features containing ritual pots found in the core of the pre European settlement, Thiaw has concluded that the island may have been primarily used for ritual activity and practices. | WIKI |
| Thiaw's hypothesis suggest the possibility that when the Portuguese used the island to bury their dead, the island, in the eyes of the natives, became haunted or was negatively impacted by the mysterious powers of the spirits of the sea. | WIKI |
| There is some textual evidence that states that the Dutch purchased the island from the chief of Dakar or from local fisherman on the island. | WIKI |
| The first kinds of deposition are located on the northwestern and western part of the island, and were typically three metres of domestic debris and shell midden. | WIKI |
| G13, a site located on the eastern side of the island, has produced cultural debris from one of its trash pits. | WIKI |
| [12] Deposits like this were not common around the island. | WIKI |
| [15] The European government imposed strict rules regarding the use of space and overall settlement development on the island. | WIKI |
| Archaeology has uncovered a plethora of evidence for massive imports of alcoholic beverages on the island. | WIKI |
| [15] The previously mentioned Dr Ibrahima Thiaw is also the author of Digging on Contested Grounds: Archaeology and the Commemoration of Slavery on Gorxc3xa9e Island. | WIKI |
| Raina Croff, one of Thiaw's colleagues, states that she personally has never found any evidence of slavery on Gorxc3xa9e Island, however she also includes that archaeological evidence such as shackles and chains would not be found on an island, because there is no need. | WIKI |
| Door of No Return at Maison des Esclaves on Gorxc3xa9e Island | WIKI |
| On the southcentral end of Gorxc3xa9e, in the Bambara quarter, although less abundant in artifacts, the deposits from this area differ in sediment inclusions from the rest of the island. | WIKI |
| [12] Found in the center of the island, Bambara was inhabited by the Bambara people. | WIKI |
| Settlement analysis demonstrates the possibility that with time, the masters' and the enslaved peoples' statuses evened out enough to work and live side by side on the island by the second half of the eighteenth century. | WIKI |
| Gorxc3xa9e Island was the Pit Stop for Leg 4 of The Amazing Race 6, and the Slave House itself was visited during Leg 5. | WIKI |
| Gorxc3xa9e Island has been featured in many songs, due to its history related to the slave trade. | WIKI |
| The following songs have significant references to Gorxc3xa9e Island: | WIKI |
| In his song "Garde la pxc3xaache" he mentions the island, saying "Gorxc3xa9e c'est ma terre" (Gorxc3xa9e is my land/hometown). | WIKI |
| Harbor of Gorxc3xa9e Harbor of Gorxc3xa9e Dakar's skyline as seen from Gorxc3xa9e Senegalese boy on Gorxc3xa9e Island Street in Gorxc3xa9e | WIKI |
| Brief synthesisThe Island of Gorxc3xa9e testifies to an unprecedented human experience in the history of humanity. | UNESCO |
| Indeed, for the universal conscience, this xe2x80x9cmemory islandxe2x80x9d is the symbol of the slave trade with its cortege of suffering, tears and death.The painful memories of the Atlantic slave trade are crystallized in this small island of 28 hectares lying 3.5 km off the coast from Dakar. | UNESCO |
| Until the abolition of the trade in the French colonies, the Island was a warehouse consisting of over a dozen slave houses. | UNESCO |
| Amongst the tangible elements that reflect Gorxc3xa9exe2x80x99s universal value are, notably, the Castle, a rocky plateau covered with fortifications which dominate the Island; the Relais de lxe2x80x99Espadon, former residence of the French governor; etcxe2x80xa6 | UNESCO |
| The Island of Gorxc3xa9e is now a pilgrimage destination for the African diaspora, a foyer for contact between the West and Africa, and a space for exchange and dialogue between cultures through the confrontation of ideals of reconciliation and forgiveness. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (vi): The Island of Goree is an exceptional testimony to one of the greatest tragedies in the history of human societies:xc2xa0 the slave trade. | UNESCO |
| The various elements of this xe2x80x9cmemory islandxe2x80x9d xe2x80x93 fortresses, buildings, streets, squares, etc. | UNESCO |
| Protection and management requirementsxc2xa0The Island of Goree was designated a historic site in 1944, with safeguarding measures in 1951 (under the colonial era). | UNESCO |