Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu' has mentioned 'Machu Picchu' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca citadel, located in the Eastern Cordillera of southern Peru, on a 2,430-meter (7,970xc2xa0ft) mountain ridge. | WIKI |
| Most archeologists believe that Machu Picchu was constructed as an estate for the Inca emperor Pachacuti (1438xe2x80x931472). | WIKI |
| Machu Picchu was built in the classical Inca style, with polished dry-stone walls. | WIKI |
| [11] By 1976, 30% of Machu Picchu had been restored[11] and restoration continues. | WIKI |
| Machu Picchu was declared a Peruvian Historic Sanctuary in 1981 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. | WIKI |
| [3] In 2007, Machu Picchu was voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in a worldwide internet poll. | WIKI |
| Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 2.1 Daily life in Machu Picchu 2.2 Agriculture 2.3 Encounters 2.4 First American expedition 2.5 Human sacrifice and mysticism 3 Geography 4 Site 4.1 Layout 4.2 Temple of the Sun or Torreon 4.3 Intihuatana stone 4.4 Inti Mach'ay and the Royal Feast of the Sun 4.5 Construction 4.6 Roads and transportation 4.7 Tourism 4.8 January 2010 evacuation 4.9 Entrance restrictions 4.10 Cultural artifacts: Dispute between Peru and Yale University 5 In media 5.1 Motion pictures 5.2 Music 6 Panoramic views 7 See also 8 References 9 Bibliography 10 Further reading 11 External links | WIKI |
| Photograph of Machu Picchu taken by Hiram Bingham III in 1912 after major clearing and before reconstruction work began. | WIKI |
| Machu Picchu is believed (by Richard L. Burger) to have been built in the 1450s. | WIKI |
| Though Machu Picchu is considered to be a "royal" estate, surprisingly, it would not have been passed down in the line of succession. | WIKI |
| Daily life in Machu Picchu[edit] | WIKI |
| This suggests that several of the immigrants were from more coastal areas and moved to Machu Picchu where corn was a larger portion of food intake. | WIKI |
| Llama with Machu Picchu ruins in the background | WIKI |
| Animals are also suspected to have migrated to Machu Picchu as there were several bones found that were not native to the area. | WIKI |
| These animals naturally live at altitudes of 4,000 meters (13,000xc2xa0ft) rather than the 2,400 meters (7,900xc2xa0ft) elevation of Machu Picchu. | WIKI |
| Terraces used for farming at Machu Picchu | WIKI |
| Much of the farming done at Machu Picchu was done on its hundreds of man-made terraces. | WIKI |
| However, the terraces were not perfect, as studies of the land show that there were landslides that happened during the construction of Machu Picchu. | WIKI |
| Because of the large amount of rainfall at Machu Picchu, it was found that irrigation was not needed for the terraces. | WIKI |
| However, it has been found that the terrace farming area makes up only about 4.9xc2xa0ha (12 acres) of land, and a study of the soil around the terraces showed that what was grown there was mostly corn and potatoes, which was not enough to support the 750+ people living at Machu Picchu. | WIKI |
| This explains why when studies were done on the food that the Inca ate at Machu Picchu, it was found that most of what they ate was imported from the surrounding valleys and farther afield. | WIKI |
| Even though Machu Picchu was located only about 80 kilometers (50xc2xa0mi) from the Inca capital in Cusco, the Spanish never found it and so did not plunder or destroy it, as they did many other sites. | WIKI |
| Unlike other locations, sacred rocks often defaced by the conquistadors remain untouched at Machu Picchu. | WIKI |
| Maps show references to Machu Picchu as early as 1874. | WIKI |
| In 1911 American historian and explorer Hiram Bingham traveled the region looking for the old Inca capital and was led to Machu Picchu by a villager, Melchor Arteaga. | WIKI |
| Though Bingham was not the first to visit the ruins, he was considered the scientific discoverer who brought Machu Picchu to international attention. | WIKI |
| In 1981, Peru declared an area of 325.92 square kilometers (125.84xc2xa0sqxc2xa0mi) surrounding Machu Picchu a "historic sanctuary". | WIKI |
| In 1983, UNESCO designated Machu Picchu a World Heritage site, describing it as "an absolute masterpiece of architecture and a unique testimony to the Inca civilization". | WIKI |
| Sergeant Carrasco at Machu Picchu on 24 July 1911 | WIKI |
| According to Bingham, "one old prospector said there were interesting ruins at Machu Picchu," though his statements "were given no importance by the leading citizens." | WIKI |
| Only later did Bingham learn that Charles Wiener also heard of the ruins at Huayna Picchu and Machu Picchu, but was unable to reach them. | WIKI |
| Hiram Bingham III at his tent door near Machu Picchu in 1912 | WIKI |
| [35] The next day, 24 July, Arteaga led Bingham and Sergeant Carrasco across the river on a log bridge and up the Machu Picchu site. | WIKI |
| At the top of the mountain, they came across a small hut occupied by a couple of Quechua, Richard and Alvarez, who were farming some of the original Machu Picchu agricultural terraces that they had cleared four years earlier. | WIKI |
| [36] As was the case with Machu Picchu, the site was so heavily overgrown that Bingham could only note a few of the buildings. | WIKI |
| Bingham returned to Machu Picchu in 1912 under the sponsorship of Yale University and National Geographic again and with the full support of Peruvian President Leguia. | WIKI |
| Bingham focused on Machu Picchu because of its fine Inca stonework and well-preserved nature, which had lain undisturbed since the site was abandoned. | WIKI |
| [40] By the time Bingham and his team left Machu Picchu, locals had formed coalitions to defend their ownership of Machu Picchu and its cultural remains, while Bingham claimed the artifacts ought to be studied by experts in American institutions. | WIKI |
| Little information describes human sacrifices at Machu Picchu, though many sacrifices were never given a proper burial, and their skeletal remains succumbed to the elements. | WIKI |
| Map of Machu Picchu | WIKI |
| Machu Picchu lies in the southern hemisphere, 13.164 degrees south of the equator. | WIKI |
| [44] It is 80 kilometers (50 miles) northwest of Cusco, on the crest of the mountain Machu Picchu, located about 2,430 meters (7,970 feet) above mean sea level, over 1,000 meters (3,300xc2xa0ft) lower than Cusco, which has an elevation of 3,400 meters (11,200xc2xa0ft). | WIKI |
| Machu Picchu features wet humid summers and dry frosty winters, with the majority of the annual rain falling from October through to March. | WIKI |
| Machu Picchu is situated above a bow of the Urubamba River, which surrounds the site on three sides, where cliffs drop vertically for 450 meters (1,480xc2xa0ft) to the river at their base. | WIKI |
| Another Inca bridge was built to the west of Machu Picchu, the tree-trunk bridge, at a location where a gap occurs in the cliff that measures 6 meters (20xc2xa0ft). | WIKI |
| The city sits in a saddle between the two mountains Machu Picchu and Huayna Picchu,[29] with a commanding view down two valleys and a nearly impassable mountain at its back. | WIKI |
| [46] Two high-altitude routes from Machu Picchu cross the mountains back to Cusco, one through the Sun Gate, and the other across the Inca bridge. | WIKI |
| Machu Picchu and other sites in the area are built over earthquake faults. | WIKI |
| Architecturally, Inti Mach'ay is the most significant structure at Machu Picchu. | WIKI |
| [58] Inti Mach'ay is located on the eastern side of Machu Picchu, just north of the "Condor Stone." | WIKI |
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| View of the residential section of Machu Picchu | WIKI |
| "Machu Picchu clearly shows us that the Incan civilization was an empire of fractured rocks". | WIKI |
| The section of the mountain where Machu Picchu was built provided various challenges that the Incas solved with local materials. | WIKI |
| The Inca road system included a route to the Machu Picchu region. | WIKI |
| The people of Machu Picchu were connected to long-distance trade, as shown by non-local artifacts found at the site. | WIKI |
| In the 1970s, Burger and Asaro determined that these obsidian samples were from the Titicaca or Chivay obsidian source, and that the samples from Machu Picchu showed long-distance transport of this obsidian type in pre-Hispanic Peru. | WIKI |
| Thousands of tourists walk the Inca Trail to visit Machu Picchu each year. | WIKI |
| The closest access point to Machu Picchu is the village of Machupicchu, also known as Aguas Calientes. | WIKI |
| Machu Picchu Climate chart (explanation) J F M A M J J A S O N D xc2xa0 xc2xa0 209 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 25 10 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 228 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 25 10 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 205 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 25 10 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 115 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 26 10 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 36 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 26 9 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 21 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 25 8 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 28 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 25 8 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 37 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 26 9 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 56 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 26 10 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 95 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 28 11 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 117 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 27 11 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 177 xc2xa0 xc2xa0 25 11 Average max. | WIKI |
| Machu Picchu is both a cultural and natural UNESCO World Heritage Site. | WIKI |
| [69] In 2018, plans were restarted to again construct a cable car to encourage Peruvians to visit Machu Picchu and boost domestic tourism. | WIKI |
| [71] UNESCO is considering putting Machu Picchu on its List of World Heritage in Danger. | WIKI |
| During the 1980s a large rock from Machu Picchu's central plaza was moved to a different location to create a helicopter landing zone. | WIKI |
| In 2006, a Cusco-based company, Helicusco, sought approval for tourist flights over Machu Picchu. | WIKI |
| In 2014 nude tourism was a trend at Machu Picchu and Peru's Ministry of Culture denounced the activity. | WIKI |
| From 1994 to 2019, the Chief of the National Archaeological Park of Machu Picchu was Fernando Astete, a Peruvian anthropologist and archeologist, who worked for more than thirty years on the preservation, conservation and research of the site. | WIKI |
| In January 2010, heavy rain caused flooding that buried or washed away roads and railways to Machu Picchu, trapping more than 2,000 locals and more than 2,000 tourists, later airlifted out to safety. | WIKI |
| Machu Picchu was temporarily closed,[80] reopening on 1 April 2010. | WIKI |
| Artifact collected on Bingham's 1912 expedition, on display at the Museo Machu Picchu | WIKI |
| In July 2011, the Direccixc3xb3n Regional de Cultura Cusco (DRC) introduced new entrance rules to the citadel of Machu Picchu. | WIKI |
| Artifact collected on Bingham's 1912 expedition, on display at the Museo Machu Picchu | WIKI |
| Silver tupus collected on Bingham's 1912 expedition, on display at the Museo Machu Picchu | WIKI |
| [88] The artifacts are permanently exhibited at the Museo Machu Picchu, La Casa Concha ("The Shell House"), close to Cusco's colonial center. | WIKI |
| The Paramount Pictures film Secret of the Incas (1954), with Charlton Heston and Ima Sumac, was filmed on location at Cusco and Machu Picchu, the first time that a major Hollywood studio filmed on site. | WIKI |
| The opening sequence of the film Aguirre, the Wrath of God (1972) was shot in the Machu Picchu area and on the stone stairway of Huayna Picchu. | WIKI |
| Machu Picchu was featured prominently in the film The Motorcycle Diaries (2004), a biopic based on the 1952 youthful travel memoir of Marxist revolutionary Che Guevara. | WIKI |
| The NOVA television documentary "Ghosts of Machu Picchu" presents an elaborate documentary on the mysteries of Machu Picchu. | WIKI |
| Multimedia artist Kimsooja used footage shot near Machu Picchu in the first episode of her film series Thread Routes, shot in 2010. | WIKI |
| The song "Kilimanjaro", from the South Indian Tamil film Enthiran (2010), was filmed in Machu Picchu. | WIKI |
| Panoramic view of Machu Picchu from Huayna Picchu | WIKI |
| Panoramic view of Machu Picchu | WIKI |
| Panoramic view of Machu Picchu from Machu Picchu mountain surrounded by the Urubamba River | WIKI |
| Embedded within a dramatic landscape at the meeting point between the Peruvian Andes and the Amazon Basin, the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu is among the greatest artistic, architectural and land use achievements anywhere and the most significant tangible legacy of the Inca civilization. | UNESCO |
| Built in the fifteenth century Machu Picchu was abandoned when the Inca Empire was conquered by the Spaniards in the sixteenth century. | UNESCO |
| To this day, many of Machu Picchuxe2x80x99s mysteries remain unresolved, including the exact role it may have played in the Incasxe2x80x99 sophisticated understanding of astronomy and domestication of wild plant species. | UNESCO |
| The massive yet refined architecture of Machu Picchu blends exceptionally well with the stunning natural environment, with which it is intricately linked. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (i): The Inca City of the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu is the articulating centre of its surroundings, a masterpiece of art, urbanism, architecture and engineering of the Inca Civilization. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (iii):The Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu is a unique testimony of the Inca Civilization and shows a well-planned distribution of functions within space, territory control, and social, productive, religious and administrative organization. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (vii): The historic monuments and features in the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu are embedded within a dramatic mountain landscape of exceptional scenic and geomorphological beauty thereby providing an outstanding example of a longstanding harmonious and aesthetically stunning relationship between human culture and nature. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (ix): Covering part of the transition between the High Andes and the Amazon Basin the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu shelters a remarkably diverse array of microclimates, habitats and species of flora and fauna with a high degree of endemism. | UNESCO |
| The Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu meets the conditions of integrity, as the natural and human-made attributes and values that sustain its Outstanding Universal value are mostly contained within its boundaries. | UNESCO |
| The visual ensemble linking the main archaeological site of the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu with its striking mountain environment remains mostly intact. | UNESCO |
| Upon the abandonment of the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu at the beginning of the sixteenth century, vegetation growth and isolation ensured the conservation of the architectural attributes of the property. | UNESCO |
| The state-owned Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu is an integral part of Peruxe2x80x99s national protected areas system and enjoys protection through several layers of a comprehensive legal framework for both cultural and natural heritage. | UNESCO |
| The boundaries of the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu are clearly defined and the protected area is surrounded by a buffer zone exceeding the size of the property. | UNESCO |
| The Management Unit of the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu (UGM) was established in 1999 to lead the strategies contained in the Master Plans, which are the regularly updated governing documents for the management of the property. | UNESCO |
| UGM was reactivated in 2011 and is comprised of representatives of the Ministries of Culture, Environment and Foreign Trade and Tourism, the Regional Government of Cusco, serving as the President of the Executive Committee, and the local municipality of Machu Picchu. | UNESCO |
| The strongly increasing number of visitors to the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu must be matched by an adequate management regulating access, diversifying the offer and efforts to fully understand and minimize impacts. | UNESCO |