Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Historic Centre of Brugge' has mentioned 'City' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| City in the Flemish part of Belgium | WIKI |
| The area of the whole city amounts to more than 13,840 hectares (138.4xc2xa0km2; 53.44 sq miles), including 1,075 hectares off the coast, at Zeebrugge (from Brugge aan zee,[2] meaning "Bruges by the Sea"). | WIKI |
| [3] The historic city centre is a prominent World Heritage Site of UNESCO. | WIKI |
| The city's total population is 117,073 (1 January 2008),[4] of whom around 20,000 live in the city centre. | WIKI |
| Contents 1 Etymology of Bruges 2 History 2.1 Origins 2.2 Golden age (12th to 15th centuries) 2.2.1 Trade 2.3 Decline after 1500 2.4 19th century and later: revival 3 Geography 4 Climate 5 Landmarks, arts, and culture 5.1 Craft 5.2 Entertainment 5.2.1 Festivals 5.3 Museums and historic sites (non-religious) 5.4 Religious sites and landmarks 5.5 Gallery 6 Transport 6.1 Road 6.2 Railway 6.3 Air 6.4 Public city transport 6.5 Cycling 6.6 Port 7 Sports 8 Education 9 Town twinning policy 10 Bruges in popular culture 10.1 Notable people 10.2 Literature 10.3 Film 10.4 Television and music 11 Notes 12 Further reading 13 External links | WIKI |
| This Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement is unrelated to medieval city development. | WIKI |
| [15] Bruges received its city charter on 27 July 1128, and new walls and canals were built. | WIKI |
| Since about 1050, gradual silting had caused the city to lose its direct access to the sea. | WIKI |
| The new sea arm stretched all the way to Damme,[14] a city that became the commercial outpost for Bruges. | WIKI |
| [16] The city eagerly welcomed foreign traders, most notably the Portuguese traders selling pepper and other spices. | WIKI |
| The city's entrepreneurs reached out to make economic colonies of England and Scotland's[18] wool-producing districts. | WIKI |
| The building that the Genoese Republic housed its commercial representation in the city still survives, now housing the Frietmuseum. | WIKI |
| [22] The foreign merchants expanded the city's trading zones. | WIKI |
| The city maintained a militia as a permanent paramilitary body. | WIKI |
| Starting around 1500, the Zwin channel, (the Golden Inlet) which had given the city its prosperity, began silting up and the Golden Era ended. | WIKI |
| [15] The city soon fell behind Antwerp as the economic flagship of the Low Countries. | WIKI |
| During the 1650s, the city was the base for Charles II of England and his court in exile. | WIKI |
| The symbolist novelist George Rodenbach even made the sleepy city into a character in his novel Bruges-la-Morte, meaning "Bruges-the-dead", which was adapted into Erich Wolfgang Korngold's opera, Die tote Stadt (The Dead City). | WIKI |
| In World War I German forces occupied Bruges but the city suffered virtually no damage and was liberated on 19 October 1918 by the Allies. | WIKI |
| From 1940 in World War II the city again was occupied by the Germans and again spared destruction. | WIKI |
| The liberation of the city was facilitated by the bridge, now known as Canada Bridge connecting the outer municipalities with the city centre. | WIKI |
| After 1965, the original medieval city experienced a "renaissance". | WIKI |
| The historic city centre of Bruges, Sint-Jozef and Sint-Pieters (I) Koolkerke (II) Sint-Andries (III) Sint-Michiels (IV) Assebroek (V) Sint-Kruis (VI) Dudzele (VII) Lissewege (with Zeebrugge and Zwankendamme) (VIII) | WIKI |
| [37] The city still employs a full-time carillonneur, who gives free concerts on a regular basis. | WIKI |
| Moreover, the city and its famous lace would go on to inspire the Thread Routes film series, the second episode of which, shot in 2011, was partly set in Bruges. | WIKI |
| Several beers are named after the city, such as Brugge Blond, Brugge Tripel, Brugs, Brugse Babbelaar, Brugse Straffe Hendrik, and Brugse Zot. | WIKI |
| However, only the latter twoxe2x80x94Brugse Zot and Brugse Straffe Hendrikxe2x80x94are brewed in the city itself, in the De Halve Maan Brewery. | WIKI |
| The preserved old city gateways: the Kruispoort, the Gentpoort, the Smedenpoort and the Ezelpoort. | WIKI |
| Most notably, the city is known for Bruggemuseum ("Bruges Museum"), the general name for a group of 11 different historical museums in the city, including: | WIKI |
| The Basilica of the Holy Blood (Dutch: Heilig-Bloedbasiliek), in particular, is the relic of the Holy Blood, which was brought to the city after the Second Crusade by Thierry of Alsace, and is paraded every year through the streets of the city. | WIKI |
| Roofs of old houses in the city centre. | WIKI |
| The nearest airport is the Ostend-Bruges International Airport in Ostend (around 25 kilometres (16 miles) from the city centre of Bruges), but it offers limited passenger transport and connections. | WIKI |
| Public city transport[edit] | WIKI |
| Bruges has an extensive web of bus lines, operated by De Lijn, providing access to the city centre and the suburbs (city lines, Dutch: stadslijnen) and to many towns and villages in the region around the city (regional lines, Dutch: streeklijnen). | WIKI |
| Football is also popular in Bruges; the city hosts two professional football teams, both of which play at the top level (Belgian First Division) Club Brugge K.V. | WIKI |
| There are plans for a new stadium for Club Brugge with about 45,000 seats in the north of the city, while the city council would renovate and reduce the capacity of the Jan Breydel Stadium for Cercle Brugge. | WIKI |
| Furthermore, the city is home to the College of Europe, a prestigious institution of postgraduate studies in European Economics, Law and Politics, and of the United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies (UNU-CRIS), a Research and Training Institute[45] of the United Nations University specialising in the comparative study of regional integration. | WIKI |
| in Bruges that twinning was too often an occasion for city authorities and representatives to travel on public expense. | WIKI |
| Each year a free holiday was offered at the seaside in Zeebrugge, to children from the Nuts city. | WIKI |
| The following people were born in Bruges: In the 15th century, the city became the magnet for a number of prominent personalities: Jan Breydel and Pieter de Coninck, freedom fighters Philip I of Castile, first Habsburg ruler in Spain (1478xe2x80x931506) Simon Stevin, mathematician and engineer (1548xe2x80x931620) Franciscus Gomarus, Calvinist theologian (1563xe2x80x931641) Guido Gezelle, poet and priest (1830xe2x80x931899) Gotye, Australian-Belgian singer songwriter (1980) Isidore van Kinsbergen, Dutch-Flemish engraver, (1821xe2x80x931905) Hugo Claus, Belgian author (1929xe2x80x932008) Tony Parker, NBA Basketball Player (1982) Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy set up court in Bruges, Brussels, and Lille William Caxton, English merchant, diplomat, writer, and printer Petrus Christus, Flemish painter Gerard David, Flemish painter Hans Memling, Flemish painter Jan van Eyck, Flemish painter Juan Luxc3xads Vives, Spanish scholar and humanist Simon Bening Flemish illuminator Levina Teerlinc, Flemish illuminator | WIKI |
| Other books in the series also have sections set in the Belgian city. | WIKI |
| Throughout the film, which was directed by British-Irish director Martin McDonagh, the city's major landmarks and history are mentioned repeatedly, as are the contrasted viewpoints of the two lead characters of the story. | WIKI |
| The city reflects a considerable exchange of influences on the development of art and architecture, particularly in brick Gothic, which is characteristic of northern Europe and the Baltic. | UNESCO |
| This architecture strongly determines the character of the historic centre of the city. | UNESCO |
| The 12th century city walls marked the boundaries of the medieval city. | UNESCO |
| The medieval street pattern, with main roads leading towards the important public squares, has mostly been preserved, as well as the network of canals which, once used for mercantile traffic, played an important role in the development of the city. | UNESCO |
| Exceptionally important collections have remained in the city until today. | UNESCO |
| Still an active, living city today, Brugge has preserved the architectural and urban structures which document the different phases of its development including the central Market Place with its belfry, the Bxc3xa9guinage, as well as the hospitals, the religious and commercial complexes and the historic urban fabric. | UNESCO |
| The cityxe2x80x99s public, social and religious institutions illustrate significant stages in the history of commerce and culture in medieval Europe | UNESCO |
| Historical records of the town administration and regulations are condensed in the city records from the 13th century onwards. | UNESCO |
| A very specific skyline of towers and taller civic buildings (such as the cathedral, the belfry and the churches) dominates the city. | UNESCO |
| The history of the town is well represented in the urban and architectural structures that harmoniously unify all periods of history since the origin of the city. | UNESCO |
| Similarly, the 19thcentury industrial revolution had almost no impact on the basic structure of the historic town, with the exception of the railway station in the southwest of the city. | UNESCO |
| The specific municipal building regulations are very strict and include a non modificandi agreement when city funding is provided to carry out restoration works. | UNESCO |
| Around half of all buildings within the historic centre are either listed or registered in the Flemish inventory of Built Heritage and in the cityxe2x80x99s Heritage Evaluation Map (a dynamic instrument), which serves as a policy and management tool. | UNESCO |
| New constructions in the inner city never occur without a thorough art-historical evaluation and always respect the historical authenticity. | UNESCO |
| A UNESCO Expert Commission was set up by the city council in 2011, supported the development of a Management Plan in 2012 and continues to provide advice. | UNESCO |
| Historically and typologically, the city is home to a mixture of functions. | UNESCO |
| However, Brugge is a living city, in which developments and changes should be possible but only in appropriate locations and with respect for the urban morphology of closed urban plots limited by streets and laneways in the historic centre. | UNESCO |
| Expansion is possible in the greater Brugge region, which historically and politically was linked with the city (xe2x80x9cBrugs Ommelandxe2x80x9d, or the surroundings of Brugge) and Zeebrugge (the seaport of Brugge). | UNESCO |