Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Historic Centre of Brugge' has mentioned 'Bruges' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| For other uses, see Bruges (disambiguation). | WIKI |
| Bruges Bruggexc2xa0xc2xa0(Dutch)MunicipalityThe Rozenhoedkaaixc2xa0[nl] (canal) in Bruges with the belfry in the background FlagCoat of armsBrugesLocation in Belgium Location of Bruges in West Flanders Coordinates: 51xc2xb012xe2x80xb232xe2x80xb3N 03xc2xb013xe2x80xb227xe2x80xb3Exefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf51.20889xc2xb0N 3.22417xc2xb0Exefxbbxbf / 51.20889; 3.22417Coordinates: 51xc2xb012xe2x80xb232xe2x80xb3N 03xc2xb013xe2x80xb227xe2x80xb3Exefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf51.20889xc2xb0N 3.22417xc2xb0Exefxbbxbf / 51.20889; 3.22417CountryBelgiumCommunityFlemish CommunityRegionFlemish RegionProvinceWest FlandersArrondissementBrugesGovernmentxc2xa0xe2x80xa2xc2xa0MayorDirk De fauw (CD&V)xc2xa0xe2x80xa2xc2xa0Governingxc2xa0party/iesCD&V, sp.a, Open VLDAreaxc2xa0xe2x80xa2xc2xa0Total138.40xc2xa0km2 (53.44xc2xa0sqxc2xa0mi)Populationxc2xa0(2018-01-01)[1]xc2xa0xe2x80xa2xc2xa0Total118,284xc2xa0xe2x80xa2xc2xa0Density850/km2 (2,200/sqxc2xa0mi)Postal codes8000, 8200, 8310, 8380Area codes050Websitewww.visitbruges.be/en UNESCO World Heritage SiteOfficialxc2xa0nameHistoric Centre of BruggeCriteriaCultural:xc2xa0(ii)(iv)(vi)Reference996Inscription2000 (24th session)Area410xc2xa0ha (1,000 acres)Bufferxc2xa0zone168xc2xa0ha (420 acres) | WIKI |
| Bruges (/bruxcbx90xcax92/ BROOZH, Dutch: Brugge [xcbx88brxcax8fxc9xa3xc9x99] (listen); French:xc2xa0[bxcax81yxcax92] (listen); German: Brxc3xbcgge [xcbx88bxcax81xcax8fxc9xa1xc9x99]) is the capital and largest city of the province of West Flanders in the Flemish Region of Belgium, in the northwest of the country, and the seventh-largest city of the country by population. | WIKI |
| The area of the whole city amounts to more than 13,840 hectares (138.4xc2xa0km2; 53.44 sq miles), including 1,075 hectares off the coast, at Zeebrugge (from Brugge aan zee,[2] meaning "Bruges by the Sea"). | WIKI |
| Bruges has a significant economic importance, thanks to its port, and was once one of the world's chief commercial cities. | WIKI |
| [6][7] Bruges is well known as the seat of the College of Europe, a university institute for European studies. | WIKI |
| Contents 1 Etymology of Bruges 2 History 2.1 Origins 2.2 Golden age (12th to 15th centuries) 2.2.1 Trade 2.3 Decline after 1500 2.4 19th century and later: revival 3 Geography 4 Climate 5 Landmarks, arts, and culture 5.1 Craft 5.2 Entertainment 5.2.1 Festivals 5.3 Museums and historic sites (non-religious) 5.4 Religious sites and landmarks 5.5 Gallery 6 Transport 6.1 Road 6.2 Railway 6.3 Air 6.4 Public city transport 6.5 Cycling 6.6 Port 7 Sports 8 Education 9 Town twinning policy 10 Bruges in popular culture 10.1 Notable people 10.2 Literature 10.3 Film 10.4 Television and music 11 Notes 12 Further reading 13 External links | WIKI |
| Etymology of Bruges[edit] | WIKI |
| Afterwards, it appears as Bruciam and Bruociam (892); as Brutgis uico (late 9th century); as in portu Bruggensi (c. 1010); as Bruggis (1012); as Bricge in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (1037); as Brugensis (1046); as Brycge in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (1049xe2x80x931052); as Brugias (1072); as Bruges (1080xe2x80x931085); as Bruggas (c. 1084); as Brugis (1089); and as Brugge (1116). | WIKI |
| See also: Timeline of Bruges | WIKI |
| Bruges was a location of coastal settlement during prehistory. | WIKI |
| In the Bruges area, the first fortifications were built after Julius Caesar's conquest of the Menapii in the first century BC, to protect the coastal area against pirates. | WIKI |
| Bruges became important due to the tidal inlet that was crucial to local commerce,[14] This inlet was then known as the "Golden Inlet". | WIKI |
| [15] Bruges received its city charter on 27 July 1128, and new walls and canals were built. | WIKI |
| In 1089 Bruges became the capital of the County of Flanders. | WIKI |
| The new sea arm stretched all the way to Damme,[14] a city that became the commercial outpost for Bruges. | WIKI |
| Bruges had a strategic location at the crossroads of the northern Hanseatic League trade and the southern trade routes. | WIKI |
| Bruges was already included in the circuit of the Flemish and French cloth fairs at the beginning of the 13th century, but when the old system of fairs broke down the entrepreneurs of Bruges innovated. | WIKI |
| "The Burg in Bruges", painted c.xe2x80x891691xe2x80x931700 by Meunincxhove | WIKI |
| In 1277, the first merchant fleet from the Republic of Genoa appeared in the port of Bruges, first of the merchant colony that made Bruges the main link to the trade of the Mediterranean. | WIKI |
| [19] This development opened not only the trade in spices from the Levant, but also advanced commercial and financial techniques and a flood of capital that soon took over the banking of Bruges. | WIKI |
| [21] Numerous foreign merchants were welcomed in Bruges, such as the Castilian wool merchants who first arrived in the 13th century. | WIKI |
| and established their own commercial consulate in Bruges by the mid-15th century. | WIKI |
| An old street in Bruges, with the Church of Our Lady tower in the background | WIKI |
| In 1302, however, after the Bruges Matins (the nighttime massacre of the French garrison in Bruges by the members of the local Flemish militia on 18 May 1302), the population joined forces with the Count of Flanders against the French, culminating in the victory at the Battle of the Golden Spurs, fought near Kortrijk on 11 July. | WIKI |
| Canal in Bruges at dusk | WIKI |
| At the end of the 14th century, Bruges became one of the Four Members, along with Franc of Bruges, Ghent and Ypres. | WIKI |
| In the 15th century, Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, set up court in Bruges, as well as Brussels and Lille, attracting a number of artists, bankers, and other prominent personalities from all over Europe. | WIKI |
| [25] The weavers and spinners of Bruges were thought to be the best in the world, and the population of Bruges grew to at least 125,000 and perhaps up to 200,000 inhabitants at this time around 1400xc2xa0AD. | WIKI |
| The first book in English ever printed was published in Bruges by William Caxton. | WIKI |
| Bruges on the Ferraris map (c. 1775) | WIKI |
| Bruges became impoverished and gradually faded in importance; its population dwindling from 200,000 to 50,000 by 1900. | WIKI |
| In the last half of the 19th century, Bruges became one of the world's first tourist destinations attracting wealthy British and French tourists. | WIKI |
| In World War I German forces occupied Bruges but the city suffered virtually no damage and was liberated on 19 October 1918 by the Allies. | WIKI |
| International tourism has boomed, and new efforts resulted in Bruges being designated European Capital of Culture in 2002. | WIKI |
| Municipality of Bruges | WIKI |
| The historic city centre of Bruges, Sint-Jozef and Sint-Pieters (I) Koolkerke (II) Sint-Andries (III) Sint-Michiels (IV) Assebroek (V) Sint-Kruis (VI) Dudzele (VII) Lissewege (with Zeebrugge and Zwankendamme) (VIII) | WIKI |
| Bruges has an oceanic climate (Kxc3xb6ppen Cfb). | WIKI |
| Climate data for Bruges (1981xe2x80x932010 normals, sunshine 1984xe2x80x932013) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average high xc2xb0C (xc2xb0F) 6.2(43.2) 7.0(44.6) 10.8(51.4) 14.5(58.1) 17.4(63.3) 19.9(67.8) 22.4(72.3) 22.5(72.5) 19.7(67.5) 15.3(59.5) 10.1(50.2) 6.6(43.9) 14.7(58.5) Daily mean xc2xb0C (xc2xb0F) 3.6(38.5) 3.8(38.8) 6.8(44.2) 9.3(48.7) 12.9(55.2) 15.6(60.1) 17.9(64.2) 17.9(64.2) 15.0(59.0) 11.3(52.3) 7.1(44.8) 4.1(39.4) 10.6(51.1) Average low xc2xb0C (xc2xb0F) 0.9(33.6) 0.6(33.1) 2.8(37.0) 4.5(40.1) 8.4(47.1) 11.3(52.3) 13.3(55.9) 12.9(55.2) 10.4(50.7) 7.4(45.3) 4.2(39.6) 1.7(35.1) 6.5(43.7) Average precipitation mm (inches) 66.5(2.62) 55.8(2.20) 58.0(2.28) 44.2(1.74) 61.5(2.42) 68.5(2.70) 71.3(2.81) 79.0(3.11) 79.2(3.12) 84.8(3.34) 86.1(3.39) 81.1(3.19) 836.2(32.92) Average precipitation days 12.6 10.6 11.8 9.7 10.7 10.0 9.9 9.9 10.8 12.1 13.7 13.3 135.1 Mean monthly sunshine hours 63 83 130 187 217 211 221 208 152 118 65 51 1,705 Source: Royal Meteorological Institute[33] | WIKI |
| Exterior of the Boudewijn Seapark dolphinarium in Bruges | WIKI |
| Bruges has most of its medieval architecture intact, making it one of the best-preserved medieval towns in Europe. | WIKI |
| [34] The "Historic Centre of Bruges" has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2000. | WIKI |
| Bruges' most famous landmark is the Belfry of Bruges, a 13th-century belfry housing a municipal carillon comprising 47 bells. | WIKI |
| [36] The Belfry of Bruges, independent of the previously mentioned UNESCO World Heritage Site in Bruges, is included on the World Heritage Site of Belfries of Belgium and France. | WIKI |
| In addition to the "Historic Centre of Bruges" and the tower included in the "Belfries of Belgium and France", Bruges is also home to a third UNESCO World Heritage Site; the Ten Wijngaerde Bxc3xa9guinage, a beguinage built in the 13th-century, is included in the World Heritage Site of "Flemish Bxc3xa9guinages". | WIKI |
| Bruges is known for its lace, a textile technique. | WIKI |
| Moreover, the city and its famous lace would go on to inspire the Thread Routes film series, the second episode of which, shot in 2011, was partly set in Bruges. | WIKI |
| Aquariustheater Boudewijn Seapark (an amusement park in Sint-Michiels) Biekorf Cinema Liberty Cinema Lumixc3xa8re (alternative movies) Concertgebouw, Bruges ("Concert Building") De Dijk De Werf Het Entrepot Joseph Ryelandtzaal Kinepolis Bruges Magdalenazaal SirkeltheaterStadsschouwburg Bruggexc2xa0[nl] Studio Hall | WIKI |
| Music festivals: Airbag (accordion festival) Ars Musica (contemporary music) Blues in Bruges Brugge Tripel Dagen Brugges Festival (world music) Cactusfestival Elements Festival (electronic) Fuse on the Beach (dance festival in Zeebrugge) Hafabrugge (orchestra festival) Internationale Fedekam Taptoe Jazz Brugge Koorfestival ("choir festival") Festival van Vlaanderen xe2x80x93 MAfestival Music in Mind (atmospheric [rock] music) September Jazz Sint-Gillis Blues xe2x80x93 en Folkfestival BurgRock Comma Rocks Festival Red Rock Rally Thoprock Cultural and food festivals: Aristidefeesten BAB-bierfestival ("beer festival") Brugse Kantdagen ("Bruges' Lace Days") Chapter 2 (juggling convention) Choco-Latxc3xa9 (chocolate festival) Cinema Novo (film festival) Cirque Plus (circus festival) European Youth Film Festival of Flanders Ice Magic (ice sculpture festival) Jonge Snaken Festival Midwinterfeest NAFT (theatre festival) Poirot in Bruges xe2x80x93 Knack thrillerfestival Razor Reel Fantastic Film Festival Reiefeest (festival on the canals) Musical culture festivals: Come On! | WIKI |
| Bruges is home to many museums of various kinds. | WIKI |
| Various celebrated painters, such as Hans Memling and Jan van Eyck, lived and worked in Bruges. | WIKI |
| Most notably, the city is known for Bruggemuseum ("Bruges Museum"), the general name for a group of 11 different historical museums in the city, including: | WIKI |
| Church of Our Lady Archaeological Museum Gentpoort Belfry City Hall on the Burg (Bruges)xc2xa0[nl] square Provinciaal Hof (Provincial Court) Manor of the Brugse Vrije Museum of Folklore Guido Gezelle Museum Koelewei (Cool Meadow) Mill Sint-Janshuis (St. John's House) Mill | WIKI |
| Bruges' non-municipal museums include the Brewery Museum, Hof Bladelin, Choco-Story (chocolate museum), Lumina Domestica (lamp museum), Museum-Gallery Xpo: Salvador Dalxc3xad, Diamond Museum,[39] Frietmuseum (museum dedicated to Belgian fries), Historium (museum of the medieval history of Bruges), Lace centre, St. George's Archers Guild, St. Sebastian's Archersxe2x80x99 Guild, St. Trudo Abbey, and the Public Observatory Beisbroek. | WIKI |
| Bruges' Church of Our Lady | WIKI |
| Bruges, the patron saint of which is Andrew the Apostle,[40] is also known for its religious landmarks. | WIKI |
| The annual procession of the Holy Blood of Jesus Christ, UNESCO heritage St. Salvator's Cathedral The Church of Our Lady (Bruges). | WIKI |
| An aerial view over one of Bruges' canals. | WIKI |
| Bruges has motorway connections in all directions: | WIKI |
| Driving within the 'egg', the historical centre enclosed by the main circle of canals in Bruges, is discouraged by traffic management schemes, including a network of one-way streets. | WIKI |
| Bruges' main railway station is the focus of lines to the Belgian coast. | WIKI |
| Plans for a northxe2x80x93south light rail connection through Bruges, from Zeebrugge to Lichtervelde, and a light rail connection between Bruges and Ostend are under construction. | WIKI |
| The nearest airport is the Ostend-Bruges International Airport in Ostend (around 25 kilometres (16 miles) from the city centre of Bruges), but it offers limited passenger transport and connections. | WIKI |
| Recently there also started a direct bus line from Brussels South Charleroi Airport to Bruges. | WIKI |
| Bruges has an extensive web of bus lines, operated by De Lijn, providing access to the city centre and the suburbs (city lines, Dutch: stadslijnen) and to many towns and villages in the region around the city (regional lines, Dutch: streeklijnen). | WIKI |
| Although a few streets are restricted, no part of Bruges is car-free. | WIKI |
| Plans have long been under way to ban cars altogether from the historic center of Bruges or to restrict traffic much more than it currently is, but these plans have yet to come to fruition. | WIKI |
| [citation needed] Nevertheless, in common with many cities in the region, there are thousands of cyclists in the city of Bruges. | WIKI |
| The port of Bruges is Zeebrugge (Flemish for Bruges-on-Sea). | WIKI |
| Between 1998 and 2016, Bruges hosted the start of the annual Tour of Flanders cycle race, held in April and one of the biggest sporting events in Belgium. | WIKI |
| Football is also popular in Bruges; the city hosts two professional football teams, both of which play at the top level (Belgian First Division) Club Brugge K.V. | WIKI |
| In 2000, Bruges was one of the eight host cities for the UEFA European Football Championship, co-hosted by Belgium and its neighbour the Netherlands. | WIKI |
| In 2021, Bruges, along with Leuven, is to host the UCI Road Racing Championship. | WIKI |
| Bruges is an important centre for education in West Flanders. | WIKI |
| On principle, Bruges has to date never entered into close collaboration with twin cities. | WIKI |
| Without denying the usefulness of these schemes for towns with fewer international contacts, the main reason is that Bruges would find it difficult to choose between cities and thinks that it has enough work already with its many international contacts. | WIKI |
| in Bruges that twinning was too often an occasion for city authorities and representatives to travel on public expense. | WIKI |
| This principle resulted, in the 1950s, in Bruges refusing a jumelage with Nice and other towns, signed by a Belgian ambassador without previous consultation. | WIKI |
| In the 1970s, a Belgian consul in Oldenburg made the mayor of Bruges sign a declaration of friendship which he tried to present, in vain, as a jumelage. | WIKI |
| The twinning between some of the former communes, merged with Bruges in 1971, were discontinued. | WIKI |
| This does not mean that Bruges would not be interested in cooperation with others, as well in the short term as in the long run, for particular projects. | WIKI |
| Bastogne, Luxembourg, Belgium After World War II and into the 1970s, Bruges, more specifically the Fire Brigade of Bruges, entertained friendly relations with Bastogne. | WIKI |
| Arolsen, Hesse, Germany From the 1950s until the 1980s, Bruges was the patron of the Belgian First Regiment of Horse Guards, quartered in Arolsen. | WIKI |
| Salamanca, Castilla y Lexc3xb3n, Spain Both towns having been made European Capital of Culture in 2002, Bruges had some exchanges organized with Salamanca. | WIKI |
| Mons, Hainaut, Belgium In 2007, cultural and artistic cooperation between Mons and Bruges was inaugurated. | WIKI |
| Burgos, Castilla y Lexc3xb3n, Spain On 29 January 2007, the mayors of Burgos and Bruges signed a declaration of intent about future cooperation on cultural, touristic and economic matters. | WIKI |
| Bruges in popular culture[edit] | WIKI |
| Main article: Notable people from Bruges | WIKI |
| The following people were born in Bruges: In the 15th century, the city became the magnet for a number of prominent personalities: Jan Breydel and Pieter de Coninck, freedom fighters Philip I of Castile, first Habsburg ruler in Spain (1478xe2x80x931506) Simon Stevin, mathematician and engineer (1548xe2x80x931620) Franciscus Gomarus, Calvinist theologian (1563xe2x80x931641) Guido Gezelle, poet and priest (1830xe2x80x931899) Gotye, Australian-Belgian singer songwriter (1980) Isidore van Kinsbergen, Dutch-Flemish engraver, (1821xe2x80x931905) Hugo Claus, Belgian author (1929xe2x80x932008) Tony Parker, NBA Basketball Player (1982) Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy set up court in Bruges, Brussels, and Lille William Caxton, English merchant, diplomat, writer, and printer Petrus Christus, Flemish painter Gerard David, Flemish painter Hans Memling, Flemish painter Jan van Eyck, Flemish painter Juan Luxc3xads Vives, Spanish scholar and humanist Simon Bening Flemish illuminator Levina Teerlinc, Flemish illuminator | WIKI |
| Hendrik Conscience's The Lion of Flanders, or the Battle of the Golden Spurs (1836, Dutch: De Leeuw van Vlaenderen, of de Slag der Gulden Sporen), is a historical-fiction novel based on the medieval Franco-Flemish War and the Battle of the Golden Spurs, both of which historically include Bruges. | WIKI |
| Ludwig Bemelmans' children's novel The Golden Basket (1936) tells the story of a family's visit to Bruges. | WIKI |
| In the novel, two sisters stay at the Golden Basket hotel in Bruges with their father. | WIKI |
| On a visit to Bruges cathedral with the innkeeper's son, the sisters meet a dozen little schoolgirls. | WIKI |
| [46]:86 The last chapter of Saul Bellow's 1953 novel The Adventures of Augie March features the titular character driving through France on his way to Bruges on business. | WIKI |
| The detective stories of Belgian writer Pieter Aspe are situated in Bruges. | WIKI |
| Niccolxc3xb2 Rising (1986), the first volume of Dorothy Dunnett's eight-book series, House of Niccolxc3xb2, is largely set in Bruges. | WIKI |
| Alan Hollinghurst's 1994 novel The Folding Star is set in a Flemish town that is recognisably Bruges. | WIKI |
| L'Astrologue de Bruges ("The Astrologer of Bruges," 1994), a Belgian bande dessinxc3xa9e in the Yoko Tsuno comic series, is entirely set in both contemporary and 1545's Bruges The first part of the "Letters from Zedelghem" story in David Mitchel's Cloud Atlas (2004) takes place near Bruges, in the titular Zedelghem municipality. | WIKI |
| Fred Zinneman's The Nun's Story is a 1959 dramatic film starring Audrey Hepburn that is primarily set in Bruges. | WIKI |
| The Killer Is on the Phone (Italian: L'assassino... xc3xa8 al telefono) is a 1972 giallo film set in Bruges. | WIKI |
| Evil, was raised in Bruges The 2008 film In Bruges, starring Colin Farrell and Brendan Gleeson, is set almost entirely in Bruges. | WIKI |
| In 2014 Bollywood film PK, opening scenes involving Anushka Sharma and Sushant Singh Rajput (including song Chaar Kadam) are set in Bruges. | WIKI |
| The story of the removal of the Madonna of Bruges being removed by the Nazis and then returned is told in the fact-based 2014 movie The Monuments Men. | WIKI |
| The 2019 Hallmark movie, Love, Romance & Chocolate, starring Lacey Chabert, takes place in Bruges. | WIKI |
| The song "Marieke" by Belgian singer Jacques Brel is about a Flemish girl, Marieke, whom Brel once loved and lived "between the towers of Bruges and Ghent." | WIKI |
| Floris, a Dutch television action series written by Gerard Soeteman, depicts castles located in Belgian cities, including Bruges. | WIKI |
| In the seventh episode of Where Is My Friend's Home (2015xe2x80x932016), a South-Korean reality-travel TV show, the cast tours Bruges as part of the second season's trip to Belgium. | WIKI |
| take place in Bruges, where a local beer, "Straffe Hendrik," is mentioned and shown. | WIKI |
| As a result, a World Heritage Management Plan was made in 2012, coordinated by the city of Brugge and its Department for Conservation and Heritage Management, which is a team of specialists qualified in the history of art, the history of Bruges in general and restoration philosophy and practice. | UNESCO |