Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Great Barrier Reef' has mentioned 'Great Barrier Reef' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| For other uses, see Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| Great Barrier ReefUNESCO World Heritage SiteSatellite image of part of the Great Barrier Reef adjacent to the Queensland coastal areas of Airlie Beach and MackayLocationOff the east coast of the Queensland mainland, AustraliaCriteriaNatural: vii, viii, ix, xReference154Inscription1981 (5th session)Area34,870,000 haWebsitewww.gbrmpa.gov.auCoordinates18xc2xb017xe2x80xb2S 147xc2xb042xe2x80xb2Exefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf18.283xc2xb0S 147.700xc2xb0Exefxbbxbf / -18.283; 147.700Coordinates: 18xc2xb017xe2x80xb2S 147xc2xb042xe2x80xb2Exefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf18.283xc2xb0S 147.700xc2xb0Exefxbbxbf / -18.283; 147.700Centre of the Great Barrier ReefShow map of QueenslandGreat Barrier Reef (Australia)Show map of Australia | WIKI |
| The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef system[1][2] composed of over 2,900 individual reefs[3] and 900 islands stretching for over 2,300 kilometres (1,400xc2xa0mi) over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres (133,000xc2xa0sqxc2xa0mi). | WIKI |
| The Great Barrier Reef can be seen from outer space and is the world's biggest single structure made by living organisms. | WIKI |
| The Great Barrier Reef has long been known to and used by the Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and is an important part of local groups' cultures and spirituality. | WIKI |
| [14] In November 2014, Google launched Google Underwater Street View in 3D of the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| [19] The percentage of baby corals being born on the Great Barrier Reef dropped drastically in 2018 and scientists are describing it as the early stage of a "huge natural selection event unfolding". | WIKI |
| The Great Barrier Reef is a distinct feature of the East Australian Cordillera division. | WIKI |
| [25]:27 The Great Barrier Reef's development history is complex; after Queensland drifted into tropical waters, it was largely influenced by reef growth and decline as sea level changed. | WIKI |
| The Great Barrier Reef is clearly visible from aircraft flying over it. | WIKI |
| Heron Island, a coral cay in the southern Great Barrier Reef | WIKI |
| The land that formed the substrate of the current Great Barrier Reef was a coastal plain formed from the eroded sediments of the Great Dividing Range with some larger hills (most of which were themselves remnants of older reefs[27] or, in rare cases, volcanoes[25]:26). | WIKI |
| The remains of an ancient barrier reef similar to the Great Barrier Reef can be found in The Kimberley, Western Australia. | WIKI |
| The Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area has been divided into 70 bioregions,[32] of which 30 are reef bioregions. | WIKI |
| [33][34] In the northern part of the Great Barrier Reef, ribbon reefs and deltaic reefs have formed; these structures are not found in the rest of the reef system. | WIKI |
| Fringing reefs are distributed widely, but are most common towards the southern part of the Great Barrier Reef, attached to high islands, for example, the Whitsunday Islands. | WIKI |
| Lagoonal reefs are found in the southern Great Barrier Reef, and further north, off the coast of Princess Charlotte Bay. | WIKI |
| Main article: Threatened species known to occur in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area | WIKI |
| The Great Barrier Reef supports an extraordinary diversity of life, including many vulnerable or endangered species, some of which may be endemic to the reef system. | WIKI |
| A green sea turtle on the Great Barrier Reef | WIKI |
| Thirty species of cetaceans have been recorded in the Great Barrier Reef, including the dwarf minke whale, Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin, and the humpback whale. | WIKI |
| [42] Seventeen species of sea snake live on the Great Barrier Reef in warm waters up to 50 metres (160xc2xa0ft) deep and are more common in the southern than in the northern section. | WIKI |
| None found in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area are endemic, nor are any endangered. | WIKI |
| The green sea turtles on the Great Barrier Reef have two genetically distinct populations, one in the northern part of the reef and the other in the southern part. | WIKI |
| [40] Most nesting sites are on islands in the northern and southern regions of the Great Barrier Reef, with 1.4 to 1.7xc2xa0million birds using the sites to breed. | WIKI |
| [50][51] The islands of the Great Barrier Reef also support 2,195 known plant species; three of these are endemic. | WIKI |
| Reefs in the inner Great Barrier Reef spawn during the week after the full moon in October, while the outer reefs spawn in November and December. | WIKI |
| Main article: Environmental threats to the Great Barrier Reef | WIKI |
| Sea temperature and bleaching of the Great Barrier Reef | WIKI |
| [55] According to a 2012 study by the National Academy of Science, since 1985, the Great Barrier Reef has lost more than half of its corals with two-thirds of the loss occurring from 1998 due to the factors listed before. | WIKI |
| The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority considers the greatest threat to the Great Barrier Reef to be climate change, causing ocean warming which increases coral bleaching. | WIKI |
| [61] In 2020, a study found that the Great Barrier Reef has lost more than half of its corals since 1995 due to warmer seas driven by climate change. | WIKI |
| In July 2017 UNESCO published in a draft decision, expressing serious concern about the impact of coral bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| Bleaching events in benthic coral communities (deeper than 20 metres or 66 feet) in the Great Barrier reef are not as well documented as those at shallower depths, but recent research has shown that benthic communities are just as negatively impacted in the face of rising ocean temperatures. | WIKI |
| Five Great Barrier Reef species of large benthic corals were found bleached under elevated temperatures, affirming that benthic corals are vulnerable to thermal stress. | WIKI |
| Another key threat faced by the Great Barrier Reef is pollution and declining water quality. | WIKI |
| [66] 80% of the land adjacent to the Great Barrier Reef is used for farming including intensive cropping of sugar cane, and major beef cattle grazing. | WIKI |
| [67] Sediments containing high levels of copper and other heavy metals sourced from the Ok Tedi Mine in Papua New Guinea are a potential pollution risk for the far northern Great Barrier Reef and Torres Strait regions. | WIKI |
| Mining company Queensland Nickel discharged nitrate-laden water into the Great Barrier Reef in 2009 and 2011 xe2x80x93 on the later occasion releasing 516 tonnes (508 long tons; 569 short tons) of waste water. | WIKI |
| The Shen Nengxc2xa01 aground on the Great Barrier Reef, 5 April 2010 | WIKI |
| Shipping accidents are a pressing concern, as several commercial shipping routes pass through the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| [79] Although the route through the Great Barrier Reef is not easy, reef pilots consider it safer than outside the reef in the event of mechanical failure, since a ship can sit safely while being repaired. | WIKI |
| [80] There have been over 1,600xc2xa0known shipwrecks in the Great Barrier Reef region. | WIKI |
| The government of Queensland has a "shark control" program (shark culling) that deliberately kills sharks throughout Queensland, including in the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| [85] The Queensland "shark control" program uses shark nets and drum lines with baited hooks to kill sharks in the Great Barrier Reef xe2x80x93 there are 173 lethal drum lines in the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| [88] Also, Queensland's "shark control" program has also killed many other animals (such as dolphins and turtles) xe2x80x94 the program killed 84,000 marine animals from 1962 to 2015, including in the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| [89] In 2018, Humane Society International filed a lawsuit against the government of Queensland to stop shark culling in the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| As part of the Reef 2050 plan, an AUD$443xc2xa0million grant was given to the Great Barrier Reef Foundation in 2018. | WIKI |
| The Great Barrier Reef has long been known to and used by the Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islander peoples. | WIKI |
| [98] On 11 June 1770, HM Barkxc2xa0Endeavour, captained by explorer James Cook, ran aground on the Great Barrier Reef, sustaining considerable damage. | WIKI |
| [101] In 1922, the Great Barrier Reef Committee began carrying out much of the early research on the reef. | WIKI |
| Map of The Great Barrier Reef Region, World Heritage Area and Marine Park, 2014 | WIKI |
| Royal Commissions disallowed oil drilling in the Great Barrier Reef, in 1975 the Government of Australia created the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and prohibited various activities. | WIKI |
| [102] The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park does not include the entire Great Barrier Reef Province. | WIKI |
| In 2001, the GBRMPA released a report about the declining water quality in the Great Barrier Reef and detailed the importance of this issue. | WIKI |
| In response to this report, in 2003, the Australian and Queensland governments launched a joint initiative to improve the quality of water entering the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| By 2020, they hope that the quality of the water entering in the reef improves enough so that it doesn't have a detrimental impact on the health of the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| They found that many of the goals have yet to be reached but found more evidence that states that improving the water quality of the Great Barrier Reef will improve its resilience to climate change. | WIKI |
| This approval is in line with the agency's view that port development along the Great Barrier Reef coastline should be limited to existing ports. | WIKI |
| As a deepwater port that has been in operation for nearly 30 years, Abbot Point is better placed than other ports along the Great Barrier Reef coastline to undertake expansion as the capital and maintenance dredging required will be significantly less than what would be required in other areas. | WIKI |
| Main article: Tourism on the Great Barrier Reef | WIKI |
| A scuba diver looking at a giant clam on the Great Barrier Reef | WIKI |
| Tourism on the Great Barrier Reef is concentrated in Cairns and also The Whitsundays due to their accessibility. | WIKI |
| As of 1996, 27 islands on the Great Barrier Reef supported resorts. | WIKI |
| At this time, it was estimated that tourists to the Great Barrier Reef contributed A$776xc2xa0million per annum. | WIKI |
| Approximately two million people visit the Great Barrier Reef each year. | WIKI |
| [121] Although most of these visits are managed in partnership with the marine Tourism industry, there is a concern among the general public that tourism is harmful to the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| [123][124] By far, the most popular tourist activities on the Great Barrier Reef are snorkelling and diving, for which pontoons are often used, and the area is often enclosed by nets. | WIKI |
| The outer part of the Great Barrier Reef is favoured for such activities, due to water quality. | WIKI |
| Management of tourism in the Great Barrier Reef is geared towards making tourism ecologically sustainable. | WIKI |
| A daily fee is levied that goes towards research of the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| [125] Policies on cruise ships, bareboat charters, and anchorages limit the traffic on the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| The problems that surround ecotourism in the Great Barrier Reef revolve around permanent tourism platforms. | WIKI |
| Platforms are large, ship-like vessels that act as a base for tourists while scuba diving and snorkelling in the Great Barrier Reef. | WIKI |
| The fishing industry in the Great Barrier Reef, controlled by the Queensland Government, is worth A$1xc2xa0billion annually. | WIKI |
| [14] It employs approximately 2000 people, and fishing in the Great Barrier Reef is pursued commercially, for recreation, and as a traditional means for feeding one's family. | WIKI |
| As the worldxe2x80x99s most extensive coral reef ecosystem, the Great Barrier Reef is a globally outstanding and significant entity. | UNESCO |
| The Great Barrier Reef (hereafter referred to as GBR) includes extensive cross-shelf diversity, stretching from the low water mark along the mainland coast up to 250 kilometres offshore. | UNESCO |
| Attime of inscription, the IUCN evaluation stated "xe2x80xa6 if only one coral reef site in the world were to be chosen for the World Heritage List, the Great Barrier Reef is the site to be chosen". | UNESCO |
| At the time of inscription it was felt that to include virtually the entire Great Barrier Reef within the property was the only way to ensure the integrity of the coral reef ecosystems in all their diversity. | UNESCO |
| The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act 1975 was amended in 2007 and 2008, and now provides for xe2x80x9cthe long term protection and conservation ... of the Great Barrier Reef Regionxe2x80x9d with specific mention of meeting "... Australia's responsibilities under the World Heritage Convention". | UNESCO |
| Queensland is responsible for management of the Great Barrier Reef Coast Marine Park, established under the Marine Parks Act 2004 (Qld). | UNESCO |
| Other key initiatives providing increased protection for the GBR include thecomprehensive Great Barrier Reef Outlook Report (and its resulting 5-yearly reporting process); the Reef Water Quality Protection Plan; the GBR Climate Change Action Plan; and the Reef Guardians Stewardship Programs which involve building relationships and working closely with those who use and rely on the GBR or its catchment for their recreation or their business. | UNESCO |