Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Fort Jesus, Mombasa' has mentioned 'Fort' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| A model attribution edit summary Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Fort Jesus]]; see its history for attribution. | WIKI |
| Fort Jesus, MombasaUNESCO World Heritage SiteLocationMombasa, KenyaCriteriaCultural: ii, vReference1295Inscription2011 (35th session)Area2.36 haBufferxc2xa0zone31 haCoordinates4xc2xb003xe2x80xb246xe2x80xb3S 39xc2xb040xe2x80xb247xe2x80xb3Exefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf4.06278xc2xb0S 39.67972xc2xb0Exefxbbxbf / -4.06278; 39.67972Location of Fort Jesus in Kenya | WIKI |
| Fort Jesus, seen from the inside | WIKI |
| Part of a series on the History of Kenya Overview Timeline of Kenya List of years in Kenya Pleistocene Koobi Fora Hominins Olorgesailie Aechulean hand axe culture Kariandusi prehistoric site Enkapune Ya Muto Nataruk Neolithic Lothagam North Monumental Cemetery Kalokol Pillar Site Elmenteitan Culture Cushitic expansion Eburran industry Hyrax Hill African iron age Sirikwa culture Bantu expansion Nilotic expansion Urewe culture Thimlich Ohinga stone-built ruins Shungwaya Mijikenda Kayas (Fortified settlements) Indian Ocean trade route Swahili city states Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Swahili people Swahili culture Kilwa Sultanate History of Mombasa History of Malindi History of Lamu Ruins of Gedi Jumba la Mtwana Portuguese and Omani period Vasco da Gama Portuguese Empire Fort Jesus East African slave trade Omani Empire Said bin Sultan British Colonial Period Johann Ludwig Krapf Imperial British East Africa Company Wanga Kingdom Nabongo Mumia Kenya-Uganda Railway Nandi Resistance German East Africa British East Africa Kenya-Uganda Railway Mekatilili Wa Menza East African campaign (World War I) Kenya Colony Mumboism Luo Union (Welfare Organisation) Harry Thuku Kenya in World War II Kenya African Union Jomo Kenyatta Mau Mau Rebellion Dedan Kimathi Tom Mboya Oginga Odinga Nairobi People's Convention Party The Kennedy Airlift Kenya African National Union Lancaster House Conferences (Kenya) Early post Independence Shifta War Pio Gama Pinto Bildad Kaggia Kenya People's Union 'Little general election' Kisumu Massacre Gikuyu, Embu, and Meru Association Josiah Mwangi Kariuki Presidency of Jomo Kenyatta Moi Era Daniel Arap Moi 1982 coup d'xc3xa9tat attempt Wagalla massacre 1992 Kenyan general election HIV/AIDS in Kenya 1997 Kenyan general election 1998 United States embassy bombings Terrorism in Kenya Presidency of Daniel Moi Recent history 2002 Kenyan general election Mwai Kibaki 2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum 2007-2008 Kenyan crisis Raila Odinga 2010 Kenyan constitutional referendum Operation Linda Nchi Westgate shopping mall attack 2014 Mpeketoni attacks Presidency of Mwai Kibaki Uhuru Kenyatta William Ruto Garissa University College attack October 2017 Kenyan presidential election 2018 Kenya handshake COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya Presidency of Uhuru Kenyatta xc2xa0Kenya portalvte | WIKI |
| Fort Jesus (Portuguese: Forte Jesus de Mombaxc3xa7a, Spanish: Fuerte de Jesxc3xbas) is a fort located on Mombasa Island. | WIKI |
| Fort Jesus was the only fort maintained by the Portuguese on the Swahili coast, and is recognised as a testament to the first successful attempt by a Western power to establish influence over the Indian Ocean trade. | WIKI |
| Cairato, the designer of the fort, was inspired by Italian architect Pietro Cataneo, while the master builder was Gaspar Rodrigues. | WIKI |
| The fort was Cairato's last overseas work. | WIKI |
| Although the design of Fort Jesus is an example of Renaissance architecture, the masonry techniques, building materials and labour are believed to have been provided by the local Swahili people. | WIKI |
| The fort was built in the shape of a man (viewed from the air) and is roughly square, with four bulwarks at its corners. | WIKI |
| The fort is considered a masterpiece of late Renaissance military fortification. | WIKI |
| Fort Jesus was captured and recaptured at least nine times between 1631, when the Portuguese lost it to the Sultan Yusuf ibn al-Hasan of Mombasa, and 1895 when it fell under British rule and was converted into a prison. | WIKI |
| After the Portuguese recaptured it from the Sultan in 1632, they refurbished it and built more fortifications, subsequently making it harder for the fort to fall. | WIKI |
| The fort was subject to an epic two-year siege from 1696-98 by the Omani Arabs, led by Saif bin Sultan. | WIKI |
| The capture of the fort marked the end of Portuguese presence on the coast, although they briefly captured and re-occupied it between 1728 and 1729 with the help of the Swahili city-states. | WIKI |
| The fort fell under local rule from 1741 to 1837, when it was again captured by the Omanis and used as a barracks, before its occupation by the British in 1895, after the declaration of the Protectorate of Kenya. | WIKI |
| Fort Jesus was declared a national park in 1958, and in 2011, it was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO and highlighted as one of the most outstanding and well-preserved examples of 16th-century Portuguese military fortifications. | WIKI |
| [2] The fort is Mombasa's most visited tourist attraction. | WIKI |
| Contents 1 Overview 2 Fort Jesus today 3 References 4 External links | WIKI |
| Between 1631 and 1875, the fort was won and lost nine times by the nations contesting control of Kenya. | WIKI |
| The Omanis took the fort in 1698 after a notable siege of almost three years. | WIKI |
| The fort was designed by a Milanese architect, pt:Giovanni Battista Cairati, who was the Chief Architect for Portuguese possessions in the East. | WIKI |
| It was the first European-style fort constructed outside of Europe designed to resist cannon fire. | WIKI |
| [4] The fort quickly became a vital possession for anyone with the intention of controlling Mombasa Island or the surrounding areas of trade. | WIKI |
| The architecture of the fort represents the rough outline of a person lying on their back, with the head towards the sea. | WIKI |
| The original Portuguese fort had a height of 15 meters, but the Oman Arabs added 3 meters upon capturing the fort. | WIKI |
| The fort combines Portuguese, Arab, and British elements (these being the major powers that held it at different times in history). | WIKI |
| The Muslim tradition of five pillars is also portrayed throughout the fort, with a former meeting hall supported by five stone pillars to the ceiling. | WIKI |
| Some of the historical structures still standing in the fort include Oman House, which was the house for Sultan who governed the East African coast. | WIKI |
| The fort was declared a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 2011. | WIKI |
| Fort Jesus today[edit] | WIKI |
| Fort Jesus is now a popular destination for foreign and local tourists. | WIKI |
| As well as a tourist destination, the Fort is important as a host for numerous research programs, a Conservation Lab, an Education Department, and an Old Town Conservation Office. | WIKI |
| Building inside the fort Windows of the inner buildings Juxtaposition of decayed and survived Obvious influence of Portuguese architecture | WIKI |
| Built by the Portuguese at the end of the 16th century at the southern edge of the town of Mombasa, over a spur of coral rock, and kept under their control for one century, Fort Jesus, Mombasa, bears testimony to the first successful attempt by Western civilization to rule the Indian ocean trade routes, which, until then had remained under Eastern influence. | UNESCO |
| The design of the fort, with its proportions, its imposing walls and five bastions, reflects the military architectural theory of the Renaissance. | UNESCO |
| Fort Jesus, Mombasa, bears physical witness, in its structures and subsequent transformations, also to the interchange of cultural values and influences between and among peoples of African, Arab, Turkish, Persian and European origin that fought to gain and maintain their control over this strategic port. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (ii): Built in a period and in a region, which were at the centre of the emerging political, commercial, and cultural globalisation, Fort Jesus, with its imposing structure, and the various traces of subsequent modifications, bears significant witness to the interchange of cultural values among peoples of African, Arab, Turkish, Persian and European origin. | UNESCO |
| Built and occupied first by the Portuguese, Fort Jesus, Mombasa, changed hands many times throughout its history, coming under Arab, Swahili and English control. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (iv): Fort Jesus, Mombasa, eminently exemplifies a new type of fortification that resulted from the innovations in military and weapons technology that occurred between the 15th and 16th centuries. | UNESCO |
| In its layout and form, the Fort reflects the Renaissance ideal whose architectural proportions and geometric harmony are to be found in the proportions of the human body, while at the same time meeting the functional needs of a modern and well-defended fortification. | UNESCO |
| The original layout of the Fort, despite several changes, has survived almost unchanged over centuries of continued occupations and reoccupations. | UNESCO |
| The boundaries of the property have been delineated to include the underwater archaeological remains in the expanse of sea in front of Fort Jesus as well as the moat area adjacent to Mombasa Old Town. | UNESCO |
| Minor changes inside the Fort bear witness to its history and do not threaten its integrity. | UNESCO |
| Mombasa Old Town, which is integral to Fort Jesusxe2x80x99 historic context, acts as the buffer zone of the Fort. | UNESCO |
| In regard to authenticity, Fort Jesus, Mombasa, hasretained its form, design and materials, with coral stone and lime mortar still being used in the traditional way, where necessary, for repair and conservation work. | UNESCO |
| The legal protection system for the property is adequate: Fort Jesus, Mombasa, was originally designated a National Park in 1958, the protected area included the Fort itself and a 100-meter strip around it; today it falls under the National Museums and Heritage Act, 2006. | UNESCO |
| Long-term conservation and management issues include the protection of the Fort from urban encroachment and inappropriate design in the areas adjacent to the Fort and in the surrounding Mombasa Old Town, which require the reinforcement of dedicated management structures and staff, control of erosion of the rocks along the sea coast, and the ongoing maintenance and conservation of the Fort itself. | UNESCO |