Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Erbil Citadel' has mentioned 'City' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| The Erbil Citadel, locally called Qelat (Kurdish: xd9x82xdbx95xdaxb5xd8xa7xdbx8c xdaxbexdbx95xd9x88xd9x84xdbx8exd8xb1xe2x80x8e Qelay Hewlxc3xaar) is a tell or occupied mound, and the historical city centre of Erbil in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. | WIKI |
| The city was first largely under Sumerian domination from c. 3000 BC, until the rise of the Akkadian Empire (2335xe2x80x932154 BC) which united all of the Akkadian Semites and Sumerians of Mesopotamia under one rule. | WIKI |
| Later, Erridupizir, king of Gutium, captured the city in 2200 BC. | WIKI |
| Erbil was an important city during the Neo-Assyrian period. | WIKI |
| The city took part in the great revolt against Shamshi-Adad V that broke out over the succession of Shalmaneser III. | WIKI |
| During the Neo-Assyrian period, the name of the city was written as Arbi-Ilu, meaning 'Four Gods'. | WIKI |
| [8] Subsequently, after the partition of Alexander the Great Empire by his generals (known as Diadochoi), the city was called Arabella or Arbela and it was part of the Hellenistic Seleucid Kingdom. | WIKI |
| In 1190 when Zain ad-Din Yusuf Died His older brother Muzaffar al-Din Gxc3xb6kbxc3xb6ri who was previously governor of Edessa became the new governor of Erbil, who created a lower town around the city on the citadel mound and founded hospitals and madrasahs. | WIKI |
| Gxc3xb6kburi died in 1233 without an heir and control of Erbil shifted to the Abbasid Caliph al-Mustansir after he had besieged the city. | WIKI |
| After Battle of Chaldiran in 1514 Erbil came under Soran emirate A semi independent Emirate under the Ottomans In the 18th century Baban Emirate took the city but it was retaken by Soran ruler Mir Muhammed Kor in 1822 The Soran emirate continued ruling over erbil until it was taken by the Ottomans in 1851. | WIKI |
| The number of inhabitants gradually declined over the 20th century as the city at the foot of the citadel grew and wealthier inhabitants moved to larger, modern houses with gardens. | WIKI |
| The city of Erbil is defined by the central circular mound that is the citadel, 102,000 square metres of land raised 26 metres above the surrounding city, presumed to have been started in antiquity as a tell. | WIKI |
| Around and beneath it to the south sprawl a maze of alleyways where the ancient commercial heart of the city beats strongly to this day. | WIKI |
| This period, the only time in its long history when Erbil flourished as an independent city state, also saw the creation of the minaret recently restored in downtown Erbil, and was also the time when the Muzafferddin madrassahs (schools) were founded. | WIKI |
| The wider setting is also important to understand and appreciate Erbil Citadel as a landmark for the city. | UNESCO |
| Demolition and abandonment were not accompanied by replacements with modern, incompatible materials and forms, leaving substance and design of the historic city relatively preserved, despite that materials from existing buildings were used to erect temporary housing by newcomers who occupied the site for a couple of decades. | UNESCO |
| The site represents a physical and symbolic landmark of Erbil city landscape but also a popular venue for gatherings of former residents and Friday prayers: links and sense of belonging of the local populations and former inhabitants represent important aspects for a long-term revitalisation of Erbil Citadel and its reintegration into the city as a vital and living element. | UNESCO |