Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd' has mentioned 'England' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| The kings of England and the Welsh princes had vied for control of the region since the 1070s, with Norman and English nobles and settlers slowly expanding their territories over several centuries. | WIKI |
| [4] In the 1260s, however, the Welsh leader Llywelyn ap Gruffudd exploited a civil war between Henry III and rebel barons in England to become the dominant power, and was formally recognised as the prince of Wales under the Treaty of Montgomery. | WIKI |
| Edward I became the king of England in 1272. | WIKI |
| [8] Edward also authorised new planned towns to be built across England. | WIKI |
| Wales was divided into counties and shires, emulating how England was governed, with three new shires created in the north-west: Caernarfon, Merioneth and Anglesey. | WIKI |
| As part of this scheme, in 1283 Edward ordered the construction of new castles and walled towns across the occupied territories, in part to encourage substantial migration to the region from England. | WIKI |
| Carpenters, ditch diggers and stonemasons were gathered by local sheriffs from across England and mustered at Chester and Bristol, before being sent on to North Wales in the spring, returning home each winter. | WIKI |
| [19] The number of workers involved was so great that it placed a significant strain on England's national labour force. | WIKI |
| The fortifications in North Wales were held by supporters of the king and in some cases became strategically important as part of the communications route between royal forces operating in England and supplies and reinforcements in Ireland. | WIKI |
| [58] Parliament gained the upper hand in England, however, and by 1646 its armies were able to intervene in North Wales. | WIKI |
| [97] Some of these survive largely intact; Conwy, for example, has what historian Jeremy Ashbee considers to be the "best preserved suite of medieval private royal chambers in England and Wales", including a private garden for the use of the queen. | WIKI |